SLR3 Programming paradigms

Question 1

Procedural languages

Answer 1

“Any high-level language in which program statements can be grouped in self-contained blocks called procedures and functions. These procedures have their own variables, not accessible outside the procedure.”

Question 2

Object-Oriented Programming

Answer 2

“A method of programming which classifies real-world objects and encapsulates those objects’ attributes and behaviours.”

Question 3

Hierarchy chart

Answer 3

“A diagram which looks like an upside-down tree, with one node at the top (root) and many below. It is used when designing solutions to problems to help break a large problem down into several small parts.”

Question 4

Structured approach

Answer 4

“A logical approach taken to breaking down a large program so that it is easier to understand and solve. Quite often, this involves creating a top-down modular design of a problem using a process known as step-wise refinement.”

Question 5

Class

Answer 5

“A type definition of an object.”

Question 6

Object

Answer 6

“An instance of a class.”

Question 7

Instantiation

Answer 7

“The process of creating an actual named instance of a class. The instantiated named copy of the class is an object of that class.”

Question 8

Encapsulation

Answer 8

“All the object’s attributes are contained and hidden in the object, and access to them is restricted to operations of that class.”

Question 9

Inheritance

Answer 9

“When a derived class is defined, it also has all the attributes and methods of the base class.”

Question 10

Aggregation

Answer 10

“A weak ‘has a’ relationship, if the container object is destroyed, the object(s) contained within will continue to exist.”

Question 11

Composition

Answer 11

“A strong ‘has a’ relationship, if the container object is destroyed, the object(s) contained within are also destroyed”

Question 12

Polymorphism

Answer 12

“A specialised form of overloading which allows us to create very general object structures, which can be used with a wide range of data types.”

Question 13

Overriding

Answer 13

“A method in a subclass or derived class which has the same name as a method in one or more of its superclasses. The method supersedes all other versions of the method above it in the inheritance tree.”

Question 14

Encapsulation

Answer 14

“All the object’s attributes are contained and hidden in the object, and access to them is restricted to operations of that class.”

Question 15

Class diagram

Answer 15

“A diagram from the Unified Modelling Language (UML) which describes the structure of a class, its attributes, methods, etc.”

Question 16

“Any high-level language in which program statements can be grouped in self-contained blocks called procedures and functions. These procedures have their own variables, not accessible outside the procedure.”

Answer 16

Procedural languages

Question 17

“A method of programming which classifies real-world objects and encapsulates those objects’ attributes and behaviours.”

Answer 17

Object-Oriented Programming

Question 18

“A diagram which looks like an upside-down tree, with one node at the top (root) and many below. It is used when designing solutions to problems to help break a large problem down into several small parts.”

Answer 18

Hierarchy chart

Question 19

“A logical approach taken to breaking down a large program so that it is easier to understand and solve. Quite often, this involves creating a top-down modular design of a problem using a process known as step-wise refinement.”

Answer 19

Structured approach

Question 20

“A type definition of an object.”

Answer 20

Class

Question 21

“An instance of a class.”

Answer 21

Object

Question 22

“The process of creating an actual named instance of a class. The instantiated named copy of the class is an object of that class.”

Answer 22

Instantiation

Question 23

“All the object’s attributes are contained and hidden in the object, and access to them is restricted to operations of that class.”

Answer 23

Encapsulation

Question 24

“When a derived class is defined, it also has all the attributes and methods of the base class.”

Answer 24

Inheritance

Question 25

“A weak ‘has a’ relationship, if the container object is destroyed, the object(s) contained within will continue to exist.”

Answer 25

Aggregation

Question 26

“A strong ‘has a’ relationship, if the container object is destroyed, the object(s) contained within are also destroyed”

Answer 26

Composition

Question 27

“A specialised form of overloading which allows us to create very general object structures, which can be used with a wide range of data types.”

Answer 27

Polymorphism

Question 28

“A method in a subclass or derived class which has the same name as a method in one or more of its superclasses. The method supersedes all other versions of the method above it in the inheritance tree.”

Answer 28

Overriding

Question 29

“All the object’s attributes are contained and hidden in the object, and access to them is restricted to operations of that class.”

Answer 29

Encapsulation

Question 30

“A diagram from the Unified Modelling Language (UML) which describes the structure of a class, its attributes, methods, etc.”

Answer 30

Class diagram