SLR10 Number systems and Bases Flashcards
Natural number
“Any positive whole number, including 0 – e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3 …”
Rational number
“A number that can be written as a ratio. In other words, it can be written as a fraction, in which both the numerator (the number on top) and the denominator (the number on the bottom) are whole numbers. e.g. ½ ¾ …”
Irrational number
“A number which cannot be written as a fraction – for example, √2.”
Ordinal number
“When objects are placed in order, these are used to tell their position – e.g., if we have a well-ordered set S = {‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’}, then ‘a’ is the first object, ‘b’ the second, and so on.”
Decimal (base 10)
“A numerical system of notation which uses 10 as its base.”
Binary (base 2)
“A numbering scheme in which there are only two possible values for each digit; 0 and 1. The term in computing refers to any digital encoding system in which there are exactly two possible states.”
Hexadecimal (base 16)
“A numerical system of notation which uses 16 rather than 10 as its base. The 16 Hex base digits are 0-9 and the letters A-F.”
bit
“The smallest unit of storage in a computer system, represented by either a binary 1 or 0.”
byte
“A collection of eight bits.”
Ki
kibi – 210: “1 kibibyte is 1024 bytes; this is a power-of-2 binary prefix.”
Mi
mebi – 220: “1 mebibyte is 1024 kibibytes; this is a power-of-2 binary prefix.”
Gi
gibi – 230: “1 gibibyte is 1024 mebibytes; this is a power-of-2 binary prefix.”
Ti
tebi – 240: “1 tebibyte is 1024 gibibytes; this is a power-of-2 binary prefix.”
kilo
k – 103: “1 kilobyte is 1000 bytes; this is a power-of-10 decimal prefix.”
Mega
M – 106: “1 megabyte is 1000 kilobytes; this is a power-of-10 decimal prefix.”
