SLR1.1

Question 1

what is a computer

Answer 1

an electronic device that takes an input, processes data and delivers output.
e.g.
input=2
process=x4
output=8

Question 2

how does a computer process data

Answer 2

computers follow a set of instructions called a computer program

Question 3

what does the memory of a computer do

Answer 3

stores the program

Question 4

what CPU stand for

Answer 4

central processing unit

Question 5

purpose of the CPU

Answer 5

fetches instructions
decodes instructions
executes instructions

Question 6

how computer carries out its functions

Answer 6

the fetch-execute cycle

Question 7

what does the CPU consist of

Answer 7

it consists of the ALU, CU, cache and registers

Question 8

ALU

Answer 8

arithmetic logic unit
performs calculations and logical desicions

Question 9

CU

Answer 9

control unit
sends electrical signals to control how data moves around the CPU
decodes instructions

Question 10

cache

Answer 10

temporary storage of data and instructions being read and written from

provides fast access to frequently used instructions and data without having to go to the main memory

faster processing

Question 11

what are registers

Answer 11

A component for holding short term memory, used to store addresses or data currently being worked on

Question 12

Von Neumann architechture

Answer 12

consists of a CU, ALU, RAM and inputs and outputs

Question 13

what was the von Neumann architecture based on

Answer 13

the stored program concept

Question 14

where are instructions and program data stored

Answer 14

in the same memory in binary form

Question 15

what is a stored program computer

Answer 15

a computer that has changeable programs

Question 16

what registers does the von Neumann architecture contain

Answer 16

PC - which holds the address of the next instruction in memory

MAR (memory address register) - holds the address of where data needs to be fetched and stored

MDR (memory data register) - which holds fetched from, or to be written to memory

Accumulator - holds the results of calculations

Question 17

embedded system

Answer 17

a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanism

Question 18

examples of embedded systems

Answer 18

toasters, cars and defibrillators

Question 19

properties of an embedded system

Answer 19

lower power consumption
small size
low cost per unit

Question 20

clock speed

Answer 20

the number of instruction cycles per second
measured in hertz

Question 21

core

Answer 21

a copy of a CPU

Question 22

quad core

Answer 22

has 4 seperate cores

Question 23

resolution

Answer 23

number of pixels used in a given area. It therefore
describes the detail of an image, with high resolution images being highly detailed

Question 24

factors that affect the speed of the CPU

Answer 24

cache size
clock speed
number of cores
ram

Question 25

what happens during the fetch execute cycle

Answer 25

Instruction is fetched from memory
Instruction is decoded to figure out what the CPU needs to do
Instruction is brought to the MDR to be executed
The cycle repeats