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A&P II Lab > Slides Info > Flashcards

Slides Info Flashcards

1
Q
  1. How do you convert 4 meters to centimeters?
A

100 cm/1 m x 4m=400 cm

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2
Q
  1. How do you convert 20lbs to kg?
A

20 lbs x 0.45kg/lb=9 kg

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3
Q

What is standard
deviation?

A

The variance in your data, or how spread out numbers in your data are.
* A low standard deviation means your data points are close to the
mean.
*A high standard deviation means your data points are more spread out.

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4
Q

How do you calculate SD?

A
  1. First calculate the mean
  2. For each value, subtract the mean
  3. Square the differences
  4. Find the mean of the squared differences
  5. Take the square root to get the standard deviation
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5
Q

Working with your lab group, calculate the standard deviation for the
amplitude of alpha waves from an EEG waveform using the following
values:
* 31 μV
*35 μV
*38 μV
*33 μV
*32 μV

A

Answer is in the slides

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6
Q

Label a membrane structure diagram

A
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7
Q

Saturated Fatty Acids/Lipids

A

–No double bonds
–Linear orientation

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8
Q

Unsaturated Fatty Acids/Lipids

A

–One or more double bonds
–“kinked”

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9
Q

The degree of saturation in bilayers can affect what?

A

how well the organism
can withstand certain environmental factors

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10
Q

What do you think would have a lower melting point: unsaturated fatty acid or
saturated fatty acid?

A

– Saturated fatty acids are solid at room temperature while unsaturated fatty acids are liquid
at room temperature

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11
Q

Beet pigment

A
  • stored in vacuoles inside the cell
  • vacuoles are composed of the same proteins as the
    cell membrane
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12
Q

Spectrometer

A

measures the amount of photons (the intensity of light) absorbed after it passes through sample solution

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13
Q

Names all the senses

A
  • Vision
  • Taste
  • Smell
  • Touch
    –Pain
    –Temperature
  • Equilibrium
  • Proprioception
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14
Q

Vision

A

–380-750nm
- Photoreceptors in retina – send information
to brain

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15
Q

Rods

A

contrast: light vs dark

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16
Q

cones

A

color

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17
Q

Label anatomy of the eye

A
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18
Q

Retina

A

Three Layers of Cells:
* Rods and Cones
* Bipolar cells
* Ganglion cells

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19
Q

Hearing

A

Mechanical sound waves converted to
chemical signal in the cochlea

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20
Q

Label ear diagram

A
21
Q

Taste

A
  • Receptors found in taste buds
  • Four/five different taste receptors
    –Sweet
    –Salty
    –Bitter
    –Sour
    –Umami
22
Q

label tongue diagram

A
23
Q

Olfaction (Smell)

A

Receptors for thousands of different odorants

24
Q

Touch receptors

A

All located in skin – need various levels of
pressure to activate

25
Q

Label skin diagram

A
26
Q

Nociception

A

–Consists of four processes
* Transduction
* Transmission
* Perception
* Modulation

27
Q

Thermoception

A

–Cold-below 37°C
–Warm-37°C to 45°C
–Above 45°C-nociceptors activated

28
Q

Equilibrium

A

Vestibular apparatus in the inner ear

29
Q

Proprioception

A
  • Positioning of your body and limbs
  • Stretch receptors in muscles and joints feed
    information to your CNS
30
Q

Cerebral Cortex: What is it/where is it located?

A
  • Outermost gray matter of cerebrum
  • Cell bodies of neurons involved in
    specific brain functions
  • Responsible for individual thoughts
    emotion and behavior
  • Folded to provide greater surface area
31
Q

EEG: How does it work?

A
  • Measures electrical activity by synchronized activity of neurons.
  • Can take thousands of snapshots per second.
32
Q

EEG: What is the purpose?

A
  • Looks at brain waves
  • Determine abnormalities
  • Allows determination of which parts of the brain are active at certain
    times.
33
Q

Label each of the EEG wave forms

A
34
Q

Medical Applications of an EEG

A
  • Epilepsy/seizures
  • Autism
  • Tumors
  • Stroke
  • Alzheimer’s
  • Narcolepsy
  • Drug Intoxication
  • Blood flow
35
Q

Montreal Procedure

A
  • Used a combination of EEG and surgery to eliminate seizures
  • Surgery is performed while patient is conscious
36
Q

Main Brain Regions

A
  • Cerebral Hemispheres (or telencephalon)
  • Diencephalon
  • Brain Stem
  • Cerebellum
  • Pons
  • Medulla oblongota
37
Q

Brainstem

A

Consists of midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata

38
Q

Brain stem role in the regulation of what systems?

A
  • Cardiac and respiratory function (medulla oblongata)
  • Also plays a role in consciousness and the sleep cycle
39
Q

Cerebellum

A
  • Maintenance of
    balance and posture
  • Coordinating voluntary
    movements
  • Motor learning
  • Cognitive functions
40
Q

Diencephalon

A

Thalamus
* Hypothalamus
* Epithalamus

41
Q

Cerebral Cortex: Lobes

A
  • Frontal
  • Parietal
  • Temporal
  • Occipital
42
Q

Functions of cerebral cortex lobes

A

Three functions:
* Sensory
* Motor
* Association

43
Q

Basal Ganglia

A

Coordination of movement

44
Q

Limbic system

A

Behavior and movement

45
Q

Stretch Reflex

A

Monosynaptic reflex that
provides automatic
regulation of skeletal muscle
length

46
Q

When a muscle is
lengthened, the muscle
spindle stretches and nerve
activity ?

A

increases

47
Q

Name two protective reflexes

A

Flexion-Withdrawal
Reflex and Babinski

48
Q

What can cause reflex disturbance?

A
  • Neuron lesions-upper and lower
  • and strokes

A&P II Lab (3 decks)

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