Slides 13 + 14 + 15 - A Practical Approach to Test Case Selection

Question 1

How to apply the general testing techniques? Steps

Answer 1

1. Identify Input Equivalence Classes
2. Identify Output Equivalence Classes
3. Check Function Coverage
4. Define boundary values

Question 2

Cause-effect graph

Answer 2

A graphical representation of inputs and/or stimuli (causes) with their associated outputs (effects), which can be used to design test cases

Question 3

Cause-effect graph - Process

Answer 3

1. Break the specification down into workable pieces
2. Identify the causes
3. Identify the effects
4. Create a cause-effect graph
5. Annotate the graph with constraints describing combinations of causes and/or effects that are impossible
6. Transform the cause-effect graph into a decision table
7. Define concrete test cases

Question 4

UML State Diagrams

Answer 4

● extend the notation of Harel state charts by object-oriented principles
● have the characteristics of both Mealy and Moore automata

Question 5

State machine

Answer 5

● A behavior model, consisting of a finite number of states

● Events trigger states transitions and cause responses

Question 6

State

Answer 6

Condition or situation in the life of a system during which it
● satisfies some condition
● performs some activity, or
● waits for some events

Question 7

Events

Answer 7

Specification of a significant stimulus that has a location in time and space an can trigger a state transition:
● Signal event: name
● Call event: operation
● Change event: when
● Time event: after

Question 8

Defintion: Transition

Answer 8

Relationship between two states
● where the source state will enter the target state
● when a specified event occurs and/or a specified condition is satisfied

Question 9

Testing behavior in case of error

Answer 9

1. Create Event-Response matrix
   ● Events form the rows of the table
   ● States the columns
2. Specify for each event and each state
   ● event is allowed (valid) (√ )
   ● event is invalid, leads to an error that must be handled (⊗)
   ● event is excluded because the precondition cannot be satisfied (-)
3. Create test cases for all event-state pairs that are invalid

Question 10

When does a Inspection of states has to be done?

Answer 10

Has to be done after each test step