Slides 100-50

Question 1

Formal vision-related questionnaire:

Answer 1

National eye institute 25-item visual function questionnaire and Melbourne low-vision activities of daily living index

Question 2

Amsler Grid:

Answer 2

• wear your reading glasses
• 14 inches from screen
• focus on black dot
• notice if any lines look broken or distorted
• if you notice any blurred lines contact doctor opthalmologist

Question 3

Last eye exam should be within ___ months for patient with diabetes

Answer 3

6 M

Question 4

eye exam should be within ______ year

Answer 4

1

Question 5

What is distorted vision

Answer 5

clients will see straight eyes, say a countertop appearing as wavy lines

Question 6

Sign for central vision loss

Answer 6

• loss of color vision

- dark spot in middle

Question 7

What is the most common outward sign that client has a vision problem:

Answer 7

Client tilting their head in order to use their remaining peripheral vision

Question 8

Aging eye

Answer 8

• glare bothersome
• contrast between similar colors
• dry eyes or tears
• floaters

Question 9

Presbyopia

Answer 9

unable to focus up close

Question 10

Cataracts happen for people ages

Answer 10

40 and older

Question 11

what is a cataract

Answer 11

• cloudiness of eye lens
• proteins which keep the lens clear and allow light to pass through tend to clump with age causing cloudiness
• fogging

Question 12

Most cataracts are

Answer 12

Bilateral

Question 13

Risk factors of cataract

Answer 13

• age
• genetics
• uv light
• smoking
• air pollution
• heavy alcohol
• consumption
• diabetes

Question 14

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Answer 14

• impaired circulation causes the retina to become oxygen deprived or ischemic
• to provide oxygen new abnormal blood vessels grow and proliferate on the retina
• abnormal vessels are weak and bleed
• attachment of vessels to the retina can lead to retinal tears and retinal detachment

Question 15

Diabetic Retinopathy:

Answer 15

• Retinal blood vessels swell and leak fluid and small amounts of blood into the eye
• Small arteries within the retina may close off and areas are deprived of blood leading to cotton-wool spots
• small fluffy white patches in the retina

Question 16

Diabetic Retinopathy

Answer 16

affects 4.5 million Americans aged 40 and older

• increases likelihood of developing cataracts
• lead to blindness
• risk factors- diabetes, pregnancy, smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, of black or hispanic decent

Question 17

Progressive disease consisting of two stages:

Answer 17

1. non-proliferative

2. proliferative

Question 18

Wet macular degeneration

Answer 18

• exudative
• less common- 10 %
• more severe vision loss
• new weak blood vessels may grow in or under the retina causing fluid and blood to leak into the space under the macula

Question 19

Dry macular degeneration

Answer 19

• atrophic
• more common
• less severe vision loss
• Occurs because waste products accumulate beneath macula, forming yellowish deposits called drusen
• drusen interferes with blood flow to the retina
• less blood flow causes macular cells to atrophy

Question 20

Macular degeneration

Answer 20

• loss of central vision
• most often in people aged over 60
• dry and wet
• risk factors- age, smoking, genetics, high blood pressure, obesity, exposure to sunlight

Question 21

Glaucoma

Answer 21

significant peripheral vision loss may occur before a person seeks treatment

• will affect central vision in more advanced stages
• risk factors- age, genetics, diabetes, myopia, corticosteroids

Question 22

Glucoma

Answer 22

elevation in intraocular pressure

• initially may be asymptomatic but if untreated can cause ischemia and degeneration of optic nerve
• leading to progressive blindness