Slide Identification Flashcards
Assyrian (culture), Lamassu (title) ca. 720-705 BCE
What culture created this and why?
Egyptian - becuase of the compiste views that are shown with the arms legs and eyes in profile and the chest shown frontally. And the activities they are carrying out fishing on the nile. And it also clearly shows heirarchy of scale. The men are shown as larger than the children and wives below them. And they are in a ceremonial hunt in the afterlife. they are recreateing the hunt that hurous made in order for justice to prevail.
What culture created this and why?
From the Near East, specifically the Assyrian culture. They had releif carving that were painted in their palaces in Iraq today. this is a lion hunting scene and relates ruler to great warriors
What is the significance of this work?
This is the largest sculpture from antiquity in the form of a Sphinx which has a lions body with a pharaohs head. It represents the pharaoh Khafre next to his vallery temple. He wears a Nemes headress showing that he is the ruler of upper and lower Egypt the Urais Cobra of kingship. He may have orgianlly had a beard for instance whcih would have been the look of the strap on beard traditionally worn by Pharohs. It was constructed with stones and had already been erroding by the time Romans took over.
Near East and Mesometamia religion
Had a priest king who sasiates a diety or a divine ruler like the Akadians and Assyrians who have the favor of gods who allow them to conquer greater territory and may be divine themselves.
Egyptians Religion
Belive that their rulers are theri gods encarnate.
This vase is the Presentation of offerings to Inanna. From Uruk or Iraq. 3200-3000 BCE. Shows 3 registers which also represent the civilization - there are men and with grain and cattle at the base, nude men with votive offerings in the center and those being presented to a massive goddess at the top and are shown in the hierarchy of scale. We know the organization in which the goddess allows which is the growth of crops and cattle that feed them and then in turn feed humans and give back to the goddess.
Victory stele of Naram-Sin, from us Iran 2254 -3218 BCE. Made of sandstone. Reveals religious beliefs of those like the Akadians where there is a new ruler that is seen as divine. The divinity is shown in the power of his weapons and in the compisite view of his horned helmet which is a sign of divinity as well as the two suns overlooking his victory over the lullibie people he is stepping on.
Stele with law code of Hamarabi from Susa Iran. these rulers are divinely sanctioned and given the rod and the ring and the right to rule and dispense justice by the god Shamash shown here. A popular theme in the babilonian era where the ruler recieves somethign from a God who is much large then them and is seated on a throne.
The Palette of Narmer from Herakonpolis Egypt. 3100BCE. The Pharoh is equated to horrus in life and later Osirus in death being divinily inspired and mandated. the divine mother is shown as well as activities that are sanctioned such as Horrus subduing a prisoner figure that is equated tot he Pharaoh in front of him with a Mace.
For Summarians teh largest structure built in every city and after them inlcuding hte Neo sumerians and babylonians where there are large platform with Ziggurates on top where the temples are elevated so one can see them from anywhere in the city and the goddess or god protecting them is watching over them.This houses a templre with a cella or place whre votive offering to the god are stored. like the Acropolis in greek City states.
For Egyptians monumental sctructures are tombs to celebrate the diefied dead. These sctructures would protect the Pharoh in the next life as he travels into the underworld in order to fight and do battle with the serpant Apopis to ensure the sun rises and justice prevails in the universe.
Senmut? Funerary temple of Queen Hatshepsut Edgypt XVIII 1504-1494 BCE. In the new Kingdom tombs would give way to rock cut tombs in the middle kingdom in Ancient Egypt. They show massive temples out front worshiping the deified pharaohs at their death return to the underworld but ensure that justice prevails and that the sun continues to rise in this world.
Innermost coffin of Tutankhamen, from his tomb at Thebes, Egypt, 18th Dynasty, ca. 1323 BCE
Temple of Ramses II, Abu Simbel, Egypt, 19th Dynasty, ca. 1290–1224 BCE
Bust of Nefertiti, Amarna Period, 1349-1336BCE, 18th Dynasty
Tiye, from Ghurab, Egypt, 18th Dynasty, ca. 1353–1335 BCE
Stele of Amenemhat, Assasif, Late Eleventh Dynasty, ca.2000 BCE
