SLH Flashcards
what is communication?
any exchange of meaning between a sender and receiver
what is required for communication?
- a sender
- a receiver
- a message
what are some examples of communication?
sign language, body language, etc.
what is speech?
a vocalized form of human communication
what are the components of speech?
phonemes, syllables, prosody
what is the meaning or definition of each component of speech?
phonemes: the sounds of language that cause change in meaning (consonants & vowels)
syllables: units of speech that consists of both consequences and vowels
prosody: changes in pitch, stress, intensity, and duration of sounds (melody of speech)
what is language?
a standardized set of symbols, and the knowledge about how to combine those symbols, used to create meaning conveying ideas and feelings
what are the components of language?
form & content
what is the meaning of each component of language?
form: structure of a language (syntax & grammar)
content: the components of language as it relates to meaning
what is expressive vs receptive language?
expressive: modality
receptive: what you see, observe and take in
what falls into the category of speech disorders?
articulation and phonological disorders, fluency disorders, voice disorders
what falls into the category of language disorders?
developmental language disorders (intellectual disabilities, autism, specific language impairment, dyslexia), acquired language disorders (TBI, strokes, progressive brain disease)
what is the difference between a delay, a difference, and a disorder?
disorder: any impairment that adversely affects communication
difference: communication abilities that differ from those usually encountered in mainstream culture (no evidence of impairment)
explain the difference between hearing disorder type and severity
conductive: outer ear or middle ear (issue is getting sound to the ear) (
sensorineural: inner (issue is getting sound to brain)
mixed:
what’s the difference between impairment, disability and handicap?
impairment: any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure functions (legs not working)
disability: a reduced competence in meeting daily living needs (they use a wheelchair)
handicap: a social, educational, or occupational disadvantage that results from an impairment or disability (not being able to use stairs; societal effect)
what preparation is required for SLP & AuD?
SLP scientists: PHD
SLP: MA/MS
AuD:
how did the fields of SLP and AuD begin?
one of the world wars; the soldiers were beginning to have hearing loss and they needed to be treated
what is culture, socialization, and acculturation
culture: language & dialects can be a part of people’s cultures, along with food, traditions and beliefs
socialization: process of people learning these customs and values (immigrant children going to American school)
acculturation: the adoption of a second culture (an immigrant from Mexico adopting American culture; can be desired or forced onto somebody)
what are the types of bilingualism and their definitions?
bilingualism: individual who speaks and understand two languages
simultaneous: learned 2 languages at the same time
what is sound?
disturbance of air molecules that stimulates an aural response in the nervous system
what is required for a sound source?
requires: mass (amount of matter), elasticity & inertia (equilibrium)
what is amplitude vs pitch?
amplitude: distance from top of wave to bottom (peak to valley); perceived as loudness
pitch: frequency - number of cycles per second
what is period?
length of time it takes to complete one cycle before repeating
what is waveform?
a sound’s amplitude, frequency & period
