Sleep & Pain & Skin Integrity Flashcards
Insomnia characteristics
30-35% of adults in US
More likely in those with a history of depression.
Often caused by disruptions in circadian rhythms (swing shift, coffee).
Populations at risk for insomnia
Middle-aged
Older adults
Perimenopausal women
People w/sleep apnea
When does pain become chronic?
~6 months (3-6mo)
Gate control theory
1965 theory that spinal nerves act as gates to the brain.
Rubbing/sensation painful areas closes the gate.
3 types of pain
Somatic: tissues (cramping/gnawing).
Visceral: organ pain (vague and poorly localized).
Cutaneous: skin (local & short-term).
What can you do for breakthrough pain?
Positioning
Lower lights/simulation
Offer distractions like TV or music
Establish trust
(Take vitals & ask for breakthrough/PRN meds)
Pharmacologic & invasive strategies for pain
Opioids, non-op, adjuvants (other drugs that help like antidepressants, anticonvulsants, ect)
Spinal chord stim, nerve decompression, joint replacement
Nociceptive vs neuropathic pain
Nociceptive is pain for tissue injury. Neuropathic is pain form nerve injury.
CAM examples
Complimentary Alternative Modalities
Heat causing vasodilation for pain, guided imagery & relaxation for pain
Massgage
Yoga
Prayer
Amount of sleep needed at dif ages
Infant: 14-16
Toddlers: 9-10 at night, 2-3 in the day
School: 9-11
Teens: 9
Adults: 7-9
Physiological consequences for insomnia
HTN
Heart disease
HF
Stroke
Obesity
Developmental disorders
Reproductive disorders
Increased mortality
Using clean vs sterile technique for wound dressings
Clean: for cleaning chronic wounds or pressure injuries
Sterile: other wounds
Cleaning wounds/changing dressing
Top to bottom and/or from center to outside.
Use new gauze for each wipe.
Dry area w/a gauze sponge in the same way. Change gloves after drying.
New dressing must extend 1in from wound in all directions.
Who does the first dressing change after surgery?
The surgeon
Most important priority in use of herbal medicine
Preventing drug interactions
