Sleep apnoea Flashcards
What is sleep apnoea
Irregular breathing and abnormal snoring pattern during sleep that causes apnoea
Two types of apnoea
Obstructive and central
The most common type of apnoea
Obstructive
What is obstructive apnoea
Self explanatory, obstruction of the airways
What can cause obstructive sleep apnoea
Allergies, swollen adenoids/tonsils, underbite, obesity and hormonal changes at night causing muscles around trachea to relax.
What is central sleep apnoea
Sleep apnoea due to the CNS that causes no breathing for about 10-30 seconds.
What is the pathway for central sleep apnoea
Hyperpnoea (hyperventilating)-hypocapnia-apnoae-hypercapnia-hyperpnoea and this continues
Symptoms of sleep apnoea
Sleep deprivation, nocturia (urinate more during night), difficulty concentrating (fall asleep), headache, fatigue and loud snoring
Is sleep apnoea dangerous in itself
No but can lead to other potentially dangerous diseases
What are the other conditions sleep apnoea can cause
Arrhythmias, heart failure, respiratory failure, diabetes and cancer
How to diagnose
Sleep study where the number of episodes are monitored
What machine is sleep apnoea monitored with
Polysomnogram
What does a polysomnogram measure
Brain movement, O2 and CO2 concentration, vital signs, snoring and movement durinf sleep
Treatment (things to avoid)
Alcohol, sleeping pills and other depressants
Treatment (recommendation when sleeping)
Sleep on side
