Sleep and Rest Flashcards
What is rest?
What is sleep?
Rest - Awake relaxation
Sleep - unconcious REM cycle
What are the 2 types of sleep?
NREM (Non Rapid Eye Movement)
REM (Rapid Eye Movement))
What are the stages of sleep in NREM (3) and REM (1) ?
NREM Sleep – Slow-Wave Sleep (70–80% of night)
-Stage 1 – Very Light Sleep
-Stage 2 – Light Sleep
-Stage 3 – Deep Sleep (Slow Wave Sleep) (essential for healing)
REM - dream state
- sleeper may be difficult to arouse
What can hinder sleep?
-emotional stress
-exercise before bed
-diet
-drugs and alcohol
-smoking
-motivation
-medications
what are beta blockers?
medication that slows down the heart to reduce blood pressure and heart rate
What are some positive changes you can recommend to the client to improve their sleep?
Bedtime rituals
restful environment
Alter activity prior to sleep
Alter diet before bed
What is a sleep diary?
-used with client who have a sleeping problems
-keeps track of patterns, rituals, food eaten prior to going to bed etc
What is insomnia?
What is Hypersomnia?
What is narcolepsy?
What is sleep apnea?
What is insufficient sleep?
What is parasomnia?
Insomnia
🛑 Trouble falling asleep.
Hypersomnia
😴 Excessive sleepiness in the daytime.
Narcolepsy
😵 Sudden sleep attacks during the day; can’t control when you fall asleep.
Sleep Apnea
😮💨 Breathing stops and starts during sleep, causing poor rest.
Insufficient Sleep
⏰ Not getting enough sleep over time
Parasomnia
🌙 Unusual behaviors during sleep (e.g., sleepwalking, night terrors, talking).
What happens when you have a lack of sleep?
low physical endurance, fatigue, irritability, depression & apathy
o loss of concentration & less thought process
o inappropriate responses
o distorted sensory interpretation
True or false: Sleep/wake rhythm is more important than the number of hours
True
What is a circadium rythm?
Circadian Rhythm = internal 24 hour clock cycle; tells you when to wake and sleep
- Synchronizes body with environment over a day
Is REM or NREM the time of psychological healing?
REM
what is enuresis?
bed wetting in stage 3 of NREM
How many hours of sleep do adults need each night?
What about school aged children?
7 to 9
9 to 10
A patient who is being evaluated for narcolepsy. What symptom is the patient most likely to report?
a. Sore throat
b. Shortness of breath
c. A good night’s sleep
d. Excessive daytime sleepiness
D
When preparing a plan of care to promote sleep for a client, who hasbeen diagnosed as having narcolepsy, which of the following priority nursing interventions would the nurse incorporate?
a. Ensure that the patient follows hospital routines.
b. Avoid awakening the patient for nonessential tasks.
c. Give prescribed sleeping medications at dinner.
d. Turn the TV volume down for late-night programming
B
The nurse cautions Ben about the long-term use of sedatives and hypnotics because these medications are characterized by which of the following?
a. They cause headaches and nausea.
b. They are expensive and difficult to obtain.
c. They cause severe depression and anxiety.
d. They can lead to sleep disruption.
D
The nurse is providing health teaching for Ben regarding the use of herbal compounds, such as valerian, to aid sleep. Key information about the use of herbal compounds would include the following:
a. It can cause urinary retention.
b. It may cause diarrhea and anxiety.
c. It may interfere with prescribed medications.
d. It can lead to further sleep problems over time.
C
A client also reports having vivid dreams. Based on the nurse’s understanding of the sleep cycle, vivid dreaming occurs during which sleep phase?
a. REM sleep
b. Stage 1 NREM sleep
c. Stage 4 NREM sleep
d. Transition period from NREM to REM sleep
A
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client, who is
experiencing narcolepsy. Which of the following interventions is
appropriate to include in the plan?
a. Increase the amount of carbohydrates in the diet.
b. Limit fluid intake 2 hours before bedtime.
c. Preserve energy by limiting exercise to morning hours.
d. Take one or two 20-minute naps during the day
D
Which of the following nursing measures promotes sleep in schoolaged children?
a. Encourage evening exercise.
b. Encourage television viewing.
c. Ensure that the room is dark and quiet.
d. Encourage quiet activities before bedtime.
D
The nurse is providing instruction for a patient who is having difficulty falling asleep. The nurse identifies the need for further instruction when the patient says which of the following statements?
a. I should avoid having drinks with caffeine before going to bed.
b. If I can’t get to sleep right away, I should get up and read a book.
c. I should have an alcoholic drink before bedtime to help me relax.
d. I should avoid exercising just before going to bed.
C
Which of the following interventions is appropriate to include in a care plan for improving sleep in the older person?
a. Decrease fluids 2 to 4 hours before sleep.
b. Exercise in the evening to increase fatigue.
c. Allow the patient to sleep as late as possible.
d. Take a nap during the day to make up for lost sleep.
A
Which statement made by a mother being discharged to home with her newborn indicates a need for further teaching?
a. I won’t put the baby to bed with a bottle.
b. For the first few weeks, we are putting the cradle in our room.
c. My grandmother told me that babies sleep better on their
stomachs.
d. I know I will have to get up during the night to feed the baby
when he wakes up.
C
True or false: Sleep provides physiological and psychological restoration.
True
What is the most common type of sleep disorder?
Insomnia
During a typical night’s sleep, a person passes through how many complete sleep cycles?
How many (NREM) stages are there?
How many stages of rapid eye
movement (REM) are there?
4-5
4
1
What are some nursing interventions for promoting sleep in the hospitalized patient ?
-Controlling noise levels
-Establishing periods for uninterrupted sleep and rest
-Control of pain or other disease symptoms
Long-term use of sleeping pills often leads to difficulty in?
starting and maintaining sleep
What kind of environment promotes sleep?
no noise
dark room
comfy bed
good ventilation
