Sleep and dreaming Flashcards
How long does one sleep cycle take?
90 minutes
What is in 1 sleep cycle?
Stages 1-4 + REM
What happens in stage 1:Sleep onset
Light sleep
Can be woken easily
Muscles less active
What happens in stage 2:Late night
Eye movements drop
Body temperature drops
Heart rate slows
What happens in stage 3:Deep sleep
Hard to be woken up
What happens in stage 4:Deeper sleep
Very hard to be woken up
Where sleep walking occurs
Can feel very disorientated when woken up
What happens in REM sleep?
Rapid eye movement
Where dreaming occurs
Movement inhibition
Sensory blockade
How many sleep cycles on average do you go through every night
6
What happens when you are sleep deprived?
Brain chemistry goes out of balance
Can gain weight
Not be able to function properly
What is a circadian rhythm?
Human body rhythms that have a daily sleep wake cycle
What is an ultradian rhythm?
A rhythm that occurs more than once in a 24 hour period
What is the SCN?
Controls circadian rhythms
Set by external triggers
What is an exogenous zeitgeber?
Environmental cues that regulate our sleep wake cycle
What are some internal influences on sleep?
Adrenaline- Makes us feel alert
Cortisol- Released when we feel stressed
What are some external influences on sleep?
Light and medication
What is insomnia?
Problems with sleep
Acute insomnia
Brief periods of problems with sleep
Chronic insomnia
Problems with sleep for 3 or more nights a week
Symptoms of insomnia
Difficulty falling asleep
Waking up a lot during the night
Unable to concentrate
What can cause insomnia?
Medication
Lifestyle- Including lots of night shifts
What is Narcolepsy?
Disorder where someone has no control over their sleep wake cycle
Symptoms of narcolepsy
Excessive sleepiness
Hallucinations
Sleep paralysis
What causes narcolepsy?
Genes
Stress
What is Freud’s theory of dreaming?
Dreams involve symbols that mean things and need to be analysed by a psychologist
Where are unconscious wishes and desires held?
ID
‘I want’
What is superego?
‘you cannot have’
What is ego?
Balance between superego and ID
What is manifest content?
The story the dreamer tells upon waking up
What is latent content?
Meaning behind the dream
What is dreamwork?
The way the mind keeps unconscious thoughts hidden during dreaming, also uncover meaning behind dreams
Condensation, displacement and secondary elaboration
What were Freud’s 3 stages of psychosexual developement?
Oral
Anal
Phallic
What is the oedipus complex?
Little kids develop sexual feelings towards oppsite gendered parent
What were little Hans 3 main dreams?
Horse dream
Early dream-Mother left
Giraffe dream
What happened to Siffre 6 months after living in a cave?
Became depressed
Sleep wake cycle varied from 18-52
What is the activation synthesis theory?
Brain is active during sleep and random activity takes place. Brain then tries making sense of this by mixing it with existing schemas turning it into dreams
What does activation mean?
Random thoughts sent within brain during REM sleep
