Sleep And Dreaming Flashcards
REM sleep
Part of the sleep cycle with rapid eye movements caused by eyes moving a lot behind the eyelids when dreaming occurs.
Sleep cycle
A nightly pattern of deep sleep, light sleep, and dreaming
NREM sleep
Non-rapid eye movement sleep (rapid eye movements do not occur)
Sensory blockade
In REM sleep, all incoming sensory information is stopped
Neuron
A nerve cell that transmits information
Movement inhibition
In REM sleep, when movement is prevented
Sleep deprivation
Not having enough sleep; this can affect physical functioning such as weight and brain functioning
Circadian rhythms
Human body rhythms that have a daily (24-hour) cycle, such as the sleep-wake cycle
Sleep-wake cycle
A circadian/ daily rhythm generally triggered by the day-night cycle
Ulthradian rhythms
Rhythms that occur in a period of less than 24 hours, such as a sleep cycle
Endogenous
Internal pacemakers; our biological clock
Hormones
Chemical messengers taking messaged through the bloodstream
Melatonin
A hormone involved in setting circadian rhythms, including the sleep-wake cycle and blood pressure
Pineal gland
A small endocrine gland that produces melatonin. An endocrine gland produces hormones that are secreted into the bloodstream
Exogenous
External cues in the environment that affect our biological clock
Zeitgebers
External cues that synchronise our biological rhythms; for example, to a 24-hour clock
Entrainment
When biological rhythms are matched to their environment triggers, such as circadian rhythms being set in response to external (light) cues
Insomnia
Problems with sleeping at night that cause difficulties during the day
Narcolepsy
Inability to control sleeping and waking, so experiencing involuntary daytime sleeping
Hallucinations
Seeing, hearing, tasting, or feeling something that is not there, such as seeing monsters
Cataplexy
A loss of muscle power and tone, triggered by an onset of strong emotions such as laughter
ID
The part of Freud’s personality theory that is demanding thought of as ‘I want…’
Superego
The part of Freud’s personality theory that is the conscience thought of as ‘you can’t have..’
Ego
The part of freud’s personality theory that is reasoning, to balance demands od rhe I’d and superego
Manifest content
The story the dreamer tells of what happens in a dream
Latent content
The deeper meaning behind what it is said, the dream is about
Dreamwork
The transformation of unconscious thoughts into dream content
