Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology > Sleep and Dreaming > Flashcards

Sleep and Dreaming Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Consciousness

A

our subjective awareness of ourselves and our environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Circadian Rhythm

A

our biological clock regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle. (temperature or wakefulness)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

REM sleep

A

recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. paradoxical sleep, because muscles are relaxed but other body systems active.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Alpha Waves

A

the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

sleep

A

periodic, natural loss of consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hallucinations

A

false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

delta waves

A

the large, slow brain waves associated with the deep sleep of NREM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

NREM

A

non rapid eye movement sleep, encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Insomnia

A

recurring problems in falling or staying asleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Narcolepsy

A

a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Night Terrors

A

a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified. only occur during NREM-3 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, seldom remembered.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Dream

A

a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Manifest content

A

according to Freud, the symbolic remembered story line of a dream.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Latent content

A

according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

REM rebound

A

the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hypnosis

A

a social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Posthypnotic suggestion

A

a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized. clinicians use this to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Psychoactive drugs

A

a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tolerance

A

the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug’s effect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Withdrawal

A

the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Addiction

A

a state of psychological or physical dependence (or both) on the use of alcohol or other drugs

23
Q

Dependence

A

reliance on a psychoactive substance for its pleasurable effects.

24
Q

Depressants

A

drugs (alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions.

25
Q

Barbiturates

A

drugs that depress central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement

26
Q

Opiates

A

opium snd its derivatives, such as morphien and heroin. Depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

27
Q

Stimulants

A

drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamine and ectsasy) that excte neural activity and speed up body functions

28
Q

Amphetamines

A

drugs (methamphetamine) that stimulate neural activity, causing accelerated body functions and associated energy and mood changes

29
Q

Methamphetamine

A

a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with accelerated body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels.

30
Q

Ecstasy (MDMA)

A

a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and long-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons to mood and cognition

31
Q

Hallucinogens

A

psychedelic (mind manifesting) drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

32
Q

LSD

A

a powerful hallucinogenic drug; acid. lysergic acid diethylamide

33
Q

Near-death experience

A

an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations

34
Q

THC

A

a major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations

35
Q

STAGES OF SLEEP

A

there are 7

36
Q

Beta

A

beta waves of an alert, waking state

37
Q

Alpha

A

alpha waves of an awake relaxed state

38
Q

Stage 1

A

NREM-1. the brief near-waking sleep with irregular brain waves we enter (after leaving alpha waves of being awake and relaxed)
sensations: falling or floating may occur

39
Q

Stage 2

A

NREM-2. we spend about half our sleep time, with its characteristic sleep spindles (bursts of rhythmic brain waves)

40
Q

Stage 3

A

NREM-3. deep sleep, in which large, slow delta waves are emitted

41
Q

Stage 5

A

REM. is the paradoxical stage of sleep because of internal arousal but external calm. most dreaming and lengthens as the night goes on

42
Q

Theories of Sleep

A
43
Q

Evolutionary

A

sleep at night might be an adaptation based on human weakness at night

44
Q

Physiological conservation of energy

A

the main function of sleep is to reduce a person’s energy demand during part of the day and night when it is least efficient to hunt for food

45
Q

Need for repair and restoration

A

sleep allows for the body to repair and replete cellular components necessary for biological functions that become depleted throughout an awake day

46
Q

Role of sleep in neuroplasticity

A

sleep is necessary for neural reorganization and growth of the brain’s structure and function.

47
Q

Sleep Disorders

A

eight of these

48
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

stopping breathing repeatedly while sleeping

49
Q

Somnambulism (sleepwalking) and Sleep Talking

A

Somnambulism: doing normal waking activities (sitting up, walking, speaking) while asleep. during NREM-3

Sleeptalking: verbalization during sleep, either in the form of mumbling or coherent speech. occurs during any stage

50
Q

Insomnia

A

Ongoing difficulty falling or staying asleep

51
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Sudden attacks of overwhelming sleepiness

52
Q

Nightmares

A

unpleasant dream during REM

53
Q

Night terrors

A

appearing terrified, talking nonsense, sitting up, or walking around during NREM-3 sleep. disturbing physiological reactions during NREM-3

Psychology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions