SLE Flashcards

1
Q

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

A

Multisystemic autoimmune inflammatory disease resulting in the formation and deposition of immune complexes

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2
Q

Epidemiology of SLE

A

F»M=9:1
Child-bearing age
↑ in Afro-Caribs and Asians

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3
Q

Features of SLE

A
Relapsing, remitting history
Constitutional symptoms: fatigue, wt. loss, fever, myalgia
Malar rash
Livedo reticularis 
Alopecia
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4
Q

A RASH POINts an MD

A

Arthritis - non erosive

Renal - proteinuria + HTN
ANA +ve 
Serositis - pleuritis and pericarditis 
Haematological - AI haemolytic anaemia 
Photosensitivity 
Oral ulcers
Immune - anti dsDNA, Sm, phosopholipid
Neurological - seizures 

Malar rash
Discoid rash

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5
Q

SLE antibodies

A

95% ANA +ve
dsDNA is very specific
ENA +ve: Ro, La, Smmoth muscle antibody

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6
Q

Ix and monitoring disease activity in SLE

A

Monitoring:

  • Anti-dsDNA
  • Complement: ↓C3, ↓C4
  • ↑ESR
  • Urine dipstick: PCR

Other Ix:
Bloods: FBC, U+E, CRP, clotting (usually normal)

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7
Q

Drug induced lupus

A

Causes:

  • procainamide
  • phenytoin
  • hydralazine
  • isoniazid

Anti-histone Abs in 100%
Mostly skin and lung signs
Disease remits if drug stopped

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8
Q

Mx of SLE

A
  • Patient education - lifestyle modification, use of sunscreen

Start DMARDs:

  • Hydroxychloroquine
  • Azathioprine
  • Mycophenolate

Use of steroids:

  • Oral Prednisolone
  • IV Methylprednislone

In Severe cases: IV Cyclophosphamide or Rituximab

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9
Q

CRP

A

Often normal

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