SLAB, FOUNDATION, & COLUMN Flashcards
- Main beam supports floor joists; floor joists support planks
- We don’t use this in the Philippines because of termite infestation and problem with DNR
- Soft wood – easily decays and infested with termites
- For ease of installation and less initial costs
- Western countries use this because of insulation; they can insulate between the floor joists
Timber Floor Framing
- Not done in housing
- Used in temporary structures like bunker houses for construction workers
- Easy to do and less initial cost
- Lightweight compared to concrete; can transfer to one place to another
Metal Floor Framing
slab not lying on a support like the soil or the ground; there are a lot of rebars to ensure that it can carry weight; not necessary for 2nd and 3rd floors; can be used for basements, so long as it is supported by beams or other structural elements
- Suspended slab –
on top of natural grade line (elevation of soil) or filling material (soil)
- Slab on grade or slab on fill –
- Your ground floor should be higher than the road; when the natural grade level is low so you have to increase the height by putting in filling materials
- (Not as much reinforcement) There is not as much rebars for slab on grade or fill because the roads are thick enough to carry vibrating elements like vehicles; only rely on two: make it thick or if you want it thin, provide rebars to ensure it is sturdy enough to prevent it from cracking
Concrete Slab
- For Engr. Damuag’s case, there should be a placement of at least ___ of rebars; use ___ – smallest structural rebars being used; place it with a distance of 0.60 meters both ways
60 millimeters
10 millimeters
a/b ≤ 0.5 (short span/long span)
OR LONGER SPAN/SHORTER SPAN >= 2
o One Way Slab
refers to the orientation of your reinforcement; only one side has reinforcements because it is rectangular in shape
one way reinforcement –
a/b > 0.5 (short span/long span)
OR LONGER SPAN/SHORTER SPAN < 2
o Two Way Slab
rebars in two directions; square in shape
two way reinforcement –
- While a typical slab has beam, ___ has drop panel and capital
Flat Slab (Form)
- It looks like an inverted beam; you thicken the part closest to the column (part most vulnerable when it comes to punching)
Flat Slab (Form)
- Commonly used for areas wherein there is limited head room space (floor to ceiling height)
Flat Slab (Form)
- With this kind of configuration, you can directly place your pipes underneath; there is no beams that will block the pipes from going which way
Flat Slab (Form)
- Usually being used as floor systems for housing developments
- Ceiling for the ground floor
- With this kind of configuration, your formworks is already your steel deck
- Add little rebars
Steel Decking (Materials)
- Ease of fill; ease of construction
- No formworks needed underneath it
Prefabricated Slab (Materials)
- Provide a slab that is tied together
- Like a beam; there are holes filled with cables (reinforcement)
Prestressed Slab (Materials)
- It is circular, square or rectangular slab of uniform thickness. Sometimes, it is stepped or haunched to spread the load over a large area.
Spread Footing
- Spread out the bottommost part of the column
- Thickness depends on (punching) load; shorter side is carrying more bending stress than the longer side
Spread Footing
When spread footing is provided to support an individual column, it is called “___” as shown.
isolated footing
- A kind of footing where it is necessary for you to provide a strap beam
Strap Footing