Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Head And Neck Anatomy > Skull & Face > Flashcards

Skull & Face Flashcards

(88 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

How many bones are in the skull?

A

22 + hyoid bone = 23

7 single element + 8 paired + hyoid bone = 23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What re the functions of the skull?

A

Support & protection (brain,cranial nerves,organs of special senses)

Beginning of respiratory and alimentary tracts

Insertion of muscles of facial expression

Mastication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many regions can the skull be divided into? And what are the names?

A

2

Neurocranium and viscerocranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Structure and function of Neurocranium?

A

Consists of a base and vault with sides and rooof (calvaria)

Supports and protects brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Structure and function of vuscerocranium?

A

upper part forms the orbits and nose, lower part + (mandible) forms jaws
• Includes most of face, plus hyoid and larynx.
• Involved in breathing and eating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cranial bones in Neurocranium?

A 
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Sphenoid
Occipital
Ethmoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the cranial bones in the viscerocranium?

A 
Lacrimal
Nasal
Zygomatic
Maxilla
Inf. nasal concha
Palatine 
Vomer 
Mandible 
Hyoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are cranial sutures?

A

Articulations between bones of the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are fontanelle?

A

Soft membranous gaps between the cranial bones in the foetus or infant enabling the skull to flex during childbirth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are sutures?

A

Fibrous joints connecting bones of the Neurocranium

They allow the growth of the Neurocranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When do the fontanelle close?

A

In the first two years of life?

anterior fontanelle closes by 18-24 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many are the fontanelle?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where are the fontanelle located?

A
  • LARGE FONTANELLE located Anterior at BREGMA
  • POSTERIOR FONTANELLE located at LAMBDA
  • SPHENOID FONTANELLE located at PTERION
  • MASTOID fontanelle located at ASTERION
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are air sinuses?

A

Mucous- lined, air filled cavities within the bones of the skull

Connected to lateral walks of nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the content of the cranial cavity?

A

Brain & meninges
Pituitary gland
Cranial nerves
Duran venous sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three layers of the meningis called?

A 
Dura mater (outer)
Arachnoid (intermediate)
Pia mater (innermost)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many are the cranial nerves ?

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is CN I?

A

Olfactory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is CN II?

A

Optic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is CN III? (Cranial nerve III)

A

Oculomotor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is CN IV (Cranial nerve IV)?

A

Trochlear nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What si CN V ?

A

TRIGEMINAL nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is CN VI?

A

Abducenta nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is CN VII?

A

Facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is CN VIII?
Vestibulocochlear
26
What is CN IX?
Glossopharyngeal nerve
27
What is CN X?
Vagus nerve
28
What is CN XI?
Spinal (accessory) nerve
29
What is CN XII?
Hypoglossal nerve
30
Where is the origin of olfactory nerve?
Cribiform plate
31
Where does the optic nerve originate from?
Optic canal
32
Which nerves originate from the Superior orbital fissure?
Oculomotor nerve Trochlear nerve Ophthalmic nerve Abducens nerve
33
Which nerves originates from the FORAMEN rotundum?
Maxillary nerve
34
Where does the madibular nerve (CN V3) originate from?
Foramen Ovale
35
Which nerves originate from the internal acoustic meatus?
``` Facial nerve (CN VII) Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) ```
36
Which nerves originate from the jugular foramen?
``` Glossopharyngeal nerve ( CN IX) Vagus nerve (CN X) Accessory nerve (CN XI) ```
37
Where does the hypoglossal nerve CN XII rovinate from?
Hypoglossal canal
38
What is the function of the olfactory nerve? (Sensory)
Smell
39
Which cranial nerve is responsible for vision?
Optic nerve (CN II) ? (SENSORY)
40
Which cranial nerve is responsible for the movement of eyeball?
CN III oculomotor (MOTOR)
41
What is the function of the trochlear nerve ( CN IV (motor)?
Superior oblique (muscle of the eyeball)
42
What is the function of the Trigeminal Nerve CN V (SENSORY/MOTOR)?
Sensory to face and muscles of mastication
43
What is the function of the Abducens nerve CNVI (MOTOR)?
Lateral rectus (muscle of the eyeball)
44
What is the function of Facial CN VII (sensory/motor) ?
Muscles of facial expression, salivary glands, lacrimal gland, taste anterior, 2/3rd tongue
45
Which cranial nerve is responsible for hearing and balance?
CN VIII Vestibulocochlear nerve (SENSORY)
46
What is the function Glossopharyngeal ( Sensory/motor) ?
Taste posterior 1/3rd, salivary gland, pharynx (motor and sensory), sensory of tongue post 1/3, tympanic region, Eustachian tube
47
What are the functions of the Vagus nerve CN X ?
Larynx and pharynx (motor and sensory) | Parasympathetic to the rest of the body
48
Which nerve is responsible for the movement of the head and the shoulder?
Accessory Nerve CN XI (MOTOR)
49
Which cranial nerve innervates the muscles of the tongue?
hypoglossal CN XII (MOTOR)
50
What is the function of the dural venous sinuses?
Drain blood from the brain and passage it into the internal jugular vein
51
Which cranial nerves travel through cavernous sinus?
Abducens nerve CN VI | Also Internal carotid artery (cavernous part)
52
Which cranial nerves travel through lateral wall of cavernous sinus?
Oculomotor nerve CN III Trochlear nerve CN IV (Ophthalmic (V1) and maxillary (V2) branches of the trigeminal nerve )
53
What is the name of socks that eyes sit in?
Orbit N.B. Orbit is larger than eye, space occupied by fat
54
How many muscles control the movement of the eye?
6 extrinsic muscles
55
What are the 3 regions of the ear?
External ear Middle ear Inner ear
56
What are the ear ossicles?
Malleus Incus Stapes
57
What are the muscles of the 1st pharyngeal arch?
M. Temporalis M. Massager M.mylohyoideus M. Digastricus venter anterior
58
What are the muscles of the 2nd pharyngeal arch?
``` M. Auricularis aterior M. Occipitofrontalis, venter occipital is M. Orbicularis oculi M. Occipitofrontalis, venter frontalis M. Buccinator M. Orbicularis oris ```
59
Muscles of the 3rd pharyngeal arch?
M. Stylohyoideuus | M. Digastricus, venter posterior
60
How many layers is the scalp made of ?
5 ``` Skin - layer 1 Connective tissue - layer 2 Aponeurosis - layer 3 Loose connective tissue - layer 4 Periosteum - layer 5 (outermost layer of bones and cranium) ```
61
What branches of the internal carotid artery supply the scalp (anterior)?
Supratrochlear artery | Supraorbital artery
62
What are the branches of the external carotid artery that supply the scalp (posterior)?
Superficial temporal artery Posterior auricular artery Occipital artery
63
What nerves supply the scalp?
``` Supratrochlear & supraorbital nerves - (CNV1) Zygomaticotemporal - (CNV2) Auriculotemporal - (CNV3) Lesser occipital Greater occipital ```
64
What are the muscles of facial expression?
Orbicularis oculi: orbital part, palpebrai part Nasal group: nasalis, proceeds, depressor septi nasi Oral group: orbicularis oris, buccinator muscles, upper group of oral muscles , lower group of oral muscles Other muscles: occipitofrontalis, platysma, auricular muscles
65
What are the branches of the facial nerve (VII)?
``` Temporal branch Zygomatic branch Buccal branch Mandibular branch Cervical branch Posterior auricular nerve ```
66
What are the sensory nerves supply to the face?
Supra-orbital nerves: from supra-orbital foraminae Zygomatico-facial nerves: from zygomaticofacial foramen Infra orbital nerves: from infra-orbital foraminae Mental nerves: form mental foraminae
67
What is the arterial blood supply of the face?
``` Supratrochlear a. Supraorbital a. Superficial temporal a. Transverse facial a. Facial a.: sumbmental, superiors & inferior labial lateral nasal External carotid a. ```
68
What is the venous blood supply of the face?
``` Supratrochlear v. Supraorbital v. Superficial temporal v. Transverse v. Facial v. Internal jugular v. ```
69
What is the danger triangle of face?
Communication between cavernous sinus and facial/inferior orbital veins are the possible route of infection into the cranial cavity
70
What are the lymph nodes of the face?
Submental Submandibular Preauricular Postauricular
71
What are the muscles of mastication?
Temporalis Massager Lateral pterygoid Medial pterygoid
72
Which cranial nerves originate from the Superior orbital fissure?
Oculomotor nerve CN III Trochlear nerve CN IV Ophthalmic nerve CNV1 Abducens nerve CN VI
73
What are the branches of the Trigeminal nerve CN V ?
Ophthalmic CNV1 Maxillary CN V2 Mandibular CN V3
74
Which nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?
Mandibular nerve CN V3
75
What is the blood supply to the muscles of mastication?
Deep temporal arteries Maxi alley artery Massoterapia artery Pterygoid branches
76
What is the function of the temporalis muscle?
Elevate, retract & protrude the mandible
77
What is the function of the masseter muscle and media, pterygoid muscle ?
Elevate & protrude the mandible
78
What is the function of the lateral pterygoid muscle?
Depress & protrude the mandible
79
What are the two categories of salivary glands?
Major glands 3 pairs | Minor glands: many
80
What are the 3 pair of major glands?
Parotid Submandibular Sublingual
81
What are the minor glands?
Labial Buccal Lingual Palatine
82
What is the characteristic of the parotid gland?
Enter oral cavity via parotid duct (Stenson’s duct, superficial to masseter muscle) to pierce buccinator muscle at 2nd molar
83
What is the nerve supply to the parotid gland?
Parasympathetic secretomotor Glossopharyngeal CN IX
84
What is the characteristic of the submandibular gland? (Aka Wharton duct)
- divided into two parts: superficial & deep which connect to posterior border of mylohyoid muscle - sits lateral to tongue muscles
85
What is the nerve supply to the submandibular gland?
Parasympathetic secretomotor: facial nerve CN VII
86
What is the characteristic of the sublingual gland?
Sits in the floor on the mouth in sublingual fold between tongue and myolohyoid muscle
87
What is the nerve supply the sublingual gland?
Parasympathetic secretomotor: Facial Nerve VII
88
What is the TMJ? What structures is it made of?
Temporomandibular joint Temporal bone+ mandible wit( lateral pterygoid muscle

Head And Neck Anatomy (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions