Skull Anatomy Flashcards
what is the name of cranial nerve 1 and where does it exit in the skull?
olfactory nerve; exits at the cribriform plate
what is the name of cranial nerve 2 and where does it exit in the skull?
optic nerve; exits at the optic canal
what is cranial nerve 3 and where does it exit in the skull?
occulomotor; exits at the orbital fissure
what is cranial nerve 4 and where does it exit in the skull?
trochlear; exits at the orbital fissure
what is cranial nerve 5, what are its 3 branches, and how does it exit the skull?
trigeminal nerve; trigeminal itself exits from the pons, then just prior to exiting the cranial cavity it splits into its 3 branches:
ophthalmic (sensory only): exits at the orbital fissure
maxillary (sensory only): exits at the round foramen, alar canal
mandibular (sensory and motor): exits at the oval foramen
trigeminal exits only in the cranial cavity! has branched before it exits
what is cranial nerve 6 and where does it exit the skull?
abducens; exits at orbital fissure
give 4 cranial nerves that exit the skull at the orbital fissure
- occulomotor (3)
- trochlear (4)
- ophthalmic of trigeminal (5)
- abducens (6)
what is cranial nerve 7 and where does it exit the skull?
facial nerve; exits skull at internal acoustic meatus, stylomastoid foramen
what is cranial nerve 8 and where does it exit the skull?
vestibulocochlear nerve; exits skull at internal acoustic meatus
what is cranial nerve 9 and where does it exit the skull?
glossopharyngeal; exits skull at jugular foramen and tympano-occipital fissure
what is cranial nerve 10 and where does it exit the skull?
vagus nerve; exits skull at the jugular foramen and tympano-occipital fissure
what is cranial nerve 11 and where does it exit the skull?
spinal accessory nerve; exits at jugular foramen and tympano-occipital fissure
give 3 cranial nerves that exit at the jugular foramen and tympano-occipital fissure
- glossopharyngeal (9)
- vagus (10)
- spinal accessory (11)
what is cranial nerve 12 and where does it exit the skull?
hypoglossal nerve; exits at the hypoglossal canal
give the names of the 12 cranial nerves
- olfactory
- optic
- occulomotor
- trochlear
- trigeminal
- abducens
- facial
- vestibulocochlear
- glossopharyngeal
- vagus
- spinal accessory
- hypoglossal
what passes through the foramen magnum?
spinal cord
what passes through the optic canal?
optic nerve
what passes through the round foramen?
maxillary nerve (branch of trigeminal)
what passes through the alar canal?
maxillary artery and nerve (branch of trigeminal)
what passes through the stylomastoid foramen?
facial nerve
what passes through the hypoglossal canal?
hypoglossal nerve
what passes through the oval foramen?
mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve
what passes through the foramen lacerum?
loop of internal carotid artery
what passes through the infraorbital foramen?
infraorbital artery, vein, and nerve as they EXIT the skull
what passes through the maxillary foramen?
infraorbital artery, vein, and nerve as they ENTER the skull
what passes through the mastoid foramen?
caudal meningeal artery and vein
what passes through the sphenopalatine foramen?
sphenopalatine artery and vein
what passes through the caudal palatine foramen?
major palatine artery, vein, nerve
what passes through the fossa for the lacrimal gland?
naso-lacrimal canal for the naso-lacrimal duct
be able to label the bones of the skull on each species (10)
- incisive
- nasal
- maxilla
- lacrimal
- palatine
- pterygoid
- frontal
- temporal
- parietal
- occipital
see notes!
