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Principles of Radiography III > Skull Anatomy > Flashcards

Skull Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones make up the cranium?

A

8 bones

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2
Q

How many bones make up the facial area?

A

14 bones

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3
Q

What are the 8 cranium bones?

A

-Frontal (1)
-Ethmoid (1)
-Parietal (2)
-Sphenoid (1)
-Temporal (2)
-Occipital (1)

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4
Q

Cranial bones are joined together by articulations called?

A

sutures

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5
Q

The cranial bones create the protective housing for the _______.

A

brain

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6
Q

What are the 14 facial bones?

A

-Nasal bone (2)
-Lacrimal bone (2)
-Maxillae (2)
-Zygomatic bone (2)
-Palatine bone (2)
-Inferior nasal conchae or turbinates (2)
-Vomer (1)
-Mandible (1)

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7
Q

Facial bones are rigidly joined together by?

A

sutures

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8
Q

Facial bones are the protective housing for?

A

the upper end of the respiratory and digestive tracts

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9
Q

Facial bones for orbital sockets for?

A

the protection of the organs of sight

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10
Q

What is diploe?

A

Inner layer of spongy tissue which separates the two plates of compact tissue which compose the bones of the cranial vault

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11
Q

What is table?

A

outer plate; is thicker than the inner table over mostly of the vault and the thickness of the layer of spongy tissue varies considerably

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12
Q

What is meningeal grooves?

A

narrow, branchlike grooves which marks the internal surfaces of the bones

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13
Q

What is sulci?

A

large channels in the internal surfaces of the bones forming the vault of the cranium, which lodge blood vessels of various sizes

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14
Q

Where is the coronal suture found?

A

between the frontal and parietal bones

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15
Q

Where is the sagittal suture found?

A

between the two parietal bones and just behind the coronal suture line

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16
Q

Where is the squamosal suture located?

A

between the temporal bones and the parietal bones

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17
Q

Where is the lambdoidal suture located?

A

between the occipital bone and the parietal bones

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18
Q

Where is the pterion located?

A

at the junction of the parietal, temporal and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone

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19
Q

Where is the asterion located?

A

posterior to the ear where the squamosal and lambdoidal sutures meet

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20
Q

How many fontanels are there?

A

6 fontanels

21
Q

What are the 6 fontanels?

A

-Anterior
-Posterior
-Sphenoid (2)
-Mastoid (2)

22
Q

Where is the anterior fontanel?

A

at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures

23
Q

Where is the posterior fontanel?

A

at the junction of the lambdoidal and sagittal sutures

24
Q

Where are the sphenoid fontanels?

A

at the junction of the parietal, temporal and greater wing of the sphenoid

25
Q

Where are the mastoid fontanels?

A

a point posterior to the ear where the squamosal and lambdoidal sutures meet

26
Q

How many regions is the cranium divided into?

A

3

27
Q

What are the 3 regions of the cranium?

A

-Anterior Cranial Fossa
-Middle Cranial Fossa
-Posterior Cranial Fossa

28
Q

Where is the anterior cranial fossa?

A

extends form the anterior frontal bone to the lesser wings of the sphenoid

29
Q

Where is the middle cranial fossa?

A

accommodates the temporal lobes and associated neurovascualar structures and extends from the lesser wings of the sphenoid bone to the apices of the petrous portions of the temporal bones

30
Q

Where is the middle cranial fossa?

A

accommodates the temporal lobes and associated neurovascular structures and extends from the lesser wings of the sphenoid bone to the apices of the petrous portions of the temporal bones

31
Q

Where is the posterior cranial fossa?

A

deep depression posterior tot he petrous ridges; protects the cerebellum, pons and medulla oblingata

32
Q

What does the frontal bone form?

A

the forehead and the superior part of each orbit

33
Q

What are the 2 parts of the frontal bone?

A

-Squamous or vertical portion
-Orbital or horizontal portion

34
Q

What is in the squamous or vertical portion of the frontal bone?

A

-Glabella
-Supraorbital groove
-Supraorbital margin
-Supraorbital notch
-Frontal eminence (tuberosity)
-Superciliary arches
-Frontal air sinuses

35
Q

What is the glabella?

A

the smooth prominence between the eyebrows and above the bridge of the nose

36
Q

What is the supraorbital groove?

A

the depression above each eyebrow

37
Q

What is the supraorbital margin?

A

the superior rim of each orbit

38
Q

What is the supraorbital notch?

A

a small hole or opening within the supraorbital margin slightly medial to its midpoint. A nerve and artery pass through this small opening

39
Q

What is the frontal eminence (tuberosity)?

A

a large rounded prominence located on each side of the median sagittal plane of the superior portion of the squama

40
Q

What are the superciliary arches?

A

two arched ridges that correspond in position to the eyebrows located below the frontal eminences just above the supraorbital margins

41
Q

What are the frontal air sinuses?

A

situated between the two tables of the squama on each side of the median sagittal plane, and from the lower margin of the squam they extend superiorly, laterally and posteriorly

42
Q

What is included in the Orbital or horizontal portion of the frontal bone?

A

-Orbital plate
-Ethmoidal notch
-Nasal Spine

43
Q

Where is the orbital plate?

A

on each side forms the superior part of each orbit
-the SOG is the external landmark at the level of the orbital plate
-below the orbital plates lie the facial bones and above the orbital plates is the anterior part of the floor of the brain case

44
Q

Where is the ethmoidal notch?

A

separates each orbital plate from the other; the ethmoid bone fits into this notch

45
Q

Where is the nasal spine?

A

round at the anterior end of the ethmoidal notch. This is a small inferior projection of bone which is the most superior component of the bony nasal septum

46
Q

How many cranial bones does the frontal bone articulate with & what are they?

A

4; right and left parietals, sphenoid and ethmoid

47
Q

What bones does the squama articulate with?

A

the parietal bones at the coronal suture, with the greater wing of the sphenoid bone at the frontosphenoid suture and with the nasal bone at the frontonasal suture

48
Q

Where does the posterior margins of the orbital plates articulate?

A

with the lesser wings of the sphenoid bone

Principles of Radiography III (9 decks)

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