Skull Flashcards
(120 cards)
1
Q
What is the skeleton of the head
A
Cranium (skull)
2
Q
The cranium consists of two parts:
A
Neurocranium and viscerocranium
3
Q
The Neurocranium is divided into two parts:
A
Calvaria (skullcap) and cranial base (floor of skull)
4
Q
The neurocranium is formed by ___ (#) bones
A
8 bones, 4 singular bones located on the midline (frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, and occipital) and 2 sets occurring as bilateral pairs (temporal and parietal)
5
Q
The viscerocranium form the ____ part of the cranium and consists of ___ (#) irregular bones
A
Anterior, 14 (2 singular bones lying in the midline (vomer and mandible) and 6 paired occurring bilaterally (maxilla, inferior nasal concha, zygomatic, palatine, nasal, and lacrimal bones)
6
Q
Forms the skeleton of the forehead, articulating with the nasal and zygomatic arches
A
Frontal bone
7
Q
Forms the roof of the orbit and part of the floor of the anterior part of cranial cavity
A
Frontal bone
8
Q
Intersection of the frontal and nasal bones
A
Nasion
9
Q
Supra-orbital margin, Supra-orbital foramen, supercillary arch are located on the
A
Frontal bone
10
Q
Smooth area between the supercillary arches
A
Glabella
11
Q
Lie on inferolateral sides of the orbits and rest on the maxillae
A
Zygomatic bones
12
Q
Pierces the lateral aspect of each bone
A
Zygomaticofacial foramen
13
Q
Articulate with each other in the midline, with the frontal bone superiority
A
Nasal bones
14
Q
Anterior nasal opening of the cranium
A
Piriform aperture
15
Q
Formed by dividing nasal cavity into left and right parts
A
Nasal septum
16
Q
Paired conchae visible through the nasal aperture
A
Inferior nasal conchae
17
Q
Maxillae is united at the _____ _____ in themedian plane
A
Intermaxillary suture
18
Q
Support bone for the maxillary teeth
A
Maxillae alveolar processes
19
Q
Maxillae connects with zygomatic bones laterally and have _____________ ________ inferior to each orbit
A
Infra-orbital foramen
20
Q
Laterally articulates with the zygomatic bone and medially articulates with the frontal bone
A
Maxillae
21
Q
Forms the chin (horizontal portion)
A
Body of mandible
22
Q
Vertical extension of the body on either side
A
Ramus of mandible
23
Q
Articulation point of mandible with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
A
Condyle
24
Q
Anterior portion of the Ramus, site for muscle attachment on mandible
A
Coronoid process
25
Posterior point at which Ramus meets the body of the mandible
Angle
26
Between 1st and 2nd premolars
Mental foramen
27
Located on the medial aspect of mandibular Ramus
Mandibular foramen
28
This foramen permits passengers of the nerve involved with tooth sensation
Mandibular foramen
29
The region where the two halves of the mandible fuse
Mandibular symphysis
30
Passing from inferior of the Ramus onto the body of mandible
Oblique line
31
Superior and posterior boundaries of the temporal fossa
Superior and inferior temporal lines
32
Anterior border of temporal fossa
Frontal and zygomatic bones
33
Inferior boundary of temporal fossa
Zygomatic arch
34
Formed by the union of the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process fo the temporal bone
Zygomatic arch
35
Large flat plate articulating with the greater wing of the sphenoid anteriorly, and with parietal bone superiorly
Squamous part of temporal bone
36
Anterior bony projection from the squamous part fo the temporal bone, which articulates with the temporal process of the zygomatic bone to form zygomatic arch
Zygomatic process of temporal bone
37
Below the origin of the zygomatic process
Tympanic part of temporal bone
38
Lies posteroinferior to the external acoustic process
Mastoid process of temporal bone
39
Entrance to the external acoustic meatus, which leads to the tympanic membrane
External acoustic foramen
40
Slender projection of bone lies anteromedial to the mastoid process
Styloid process
41
Formed by joining the frontal and parietal bones
Coronal suture
42
Formed by joining the parietal and occipital bones
Lambdoid suture
43
H shape formation of the sutures that unite the frontal, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones
Pterion
44
Thin bone that overlies the anterior division of the middle meningeal artery
Pterion
45
Formed by the occipital bone, parts of the parietal bones, and parts of the mastoid of the temporal bone
Occipital aspect of cranium (Norma Occipitalis)
46
Elevation in the median plane
External occipital protuberance (EOP)
47
Extends laterally from each side of EOP
Superior nuchal line
48
Less distinct, extending laterally from each side of EOP
Inferior nuchal line
49
Formed by the intersection of the sagittal and lambdoidal sutures
Lambda
50
The superior aspect fo the cranium broadens posteriolaterally at the
Parietal eminences
51
Landmark formed by the interaction fo the sagittal and coronal sutures
Bregma
52
The superior point of the cranium, near the midpoint of the sagittal suture
Vertex
53
Surrounds and supports the maxillary teeth
Alveolar arch of the maxilla
54
Formed by the palatine processes of the maxilla anteriorly and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones posteriorly
Hard palate
55
These open on the oral aspect of the hard palate
Incisive fossa, lesser palatine foramen, greater palatine foramen
56
Lies posterior to the central incisor
Incisive fossa
57
Located on the posterolateral part of the hard palate
Lesser palatine
58
Located posteriorly on the posterolateral part of the hard palate
Greater palatine foramen
59
Posterior nasal apertures, which are separated from each other by the vomer
Choanae
60
Thin, flat bone that forms a part of the bony nasal septum
Vomer
61
Located between the frontal, temporal, and occipital bones. Consisting of a body and 3 pairs of processes
Sphenoid bone
62
The 3 paired processes of sphenoid bone
Greater wing of sphenoid, lesser wing of sphenoid, pterygoid processes
63
External inferiorly on each side of the sphenoid from the junction of the body and greater wings, consisting of medial and lateral plates
Pterygoid processes
64
Lies medial to the spine of the sphenoid, inferior to the junction of the greater wing of sphenoid and the petrous part of the temporal bone
Pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube
65
Depressions in the squamous part of the temporal bone accommodate the heads of the mandible
Mandibular fossae
66
By which the cranium articulates with the vertebral column
Occipital condyles
67
Located within the occipital bone
Foramen magnum
68
Large opening between he occipital bone and the petrous part of the temporal bone
Jugular foramen
69
Anterior to the jugular foramen
Carotid canal
70
Between styloid and mastoid processes
Stylomastoid foramen
71
Formed by the frontal bone anteriorly, the ethmoid bone centrally, and the body and lesser wings of the sphenoid posteriorly
Anterior cranial fossa
72
What are the 4 features of the anterior cranial fossa
Orbital plates of the frontal bone, frontal crest, Crista Gali, cribriform plate of the ethmoid
73
Forms the roof of the orbits
Orbital plates of the frontal bone
74
Median bony extension of the frontal bone
Frontal crest
75
Median ridge of bone that projects superiorly from the ethmoid
Crista Gali
76
On each side of the Crista Gali
Cribriform plate of the ethmoid
77
Formed by the greater wings of the sphenoid, squamous parts of the temporal bones laterally, and petrous parts of the temporal bones posteriorly. Butterfly shaped
Middle cranial fossa
78
8 features of the middle cranial fossa
sella turcica, superior border of petrous part of temporal bones, sphenoidal crests, foramen lacerum, superior orbital fissure, foramen roundup, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum
79
On the body of the sphenoid, surrounded by the anterior and posterior clinic processes
Sella turcica
80
Form the lateral boundaries between the middle and posterior cranial fossae
Superior border of the petrous part fo the temporal bone
81
Sharp posterior margins of the lesser wings of the sphenoid bones, end medially by forming anterior clinoid processes.
Sphenoidal crests
82
Lies posterolateral to the hypophysial fossa
Foramen lacerum
83
Opening between the greater and lesser wings that communicates with the orbit
Superior orbital fissure
84
Circular foramen located posterior to the medial end of the superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
85
Oval foramen located posterolateral to the foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
86
Located posterolateral to the foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
87
Largest and deepest cranial fossae
Posterior cranial fossa
88
Marked incline behind the sella turcica which leads to the foramen magnum
Clivus
89
Begins posterior to the foramen magnum and ends superiorly in the internal occipital protuberance. It divides the posterior part of the fossa into 2 cerebrallar fossa
Internal occipital crest
90
Form a broad groove that continues with the jugular foramen
Transverse and sigmoid sinuses
91
Located anterosuperior to the jugular foramen
Internal acoustics meatus
92
Lie superior to the anterolateral margin of the foramen magnum
Hypoglossal canals
93
These form a mobile chain of small bones across the tympanic cavity from the tympanic membrane to the oval window
Auditory ossicles
94
What 3 structures are involved in the auditory ossicles
Malleus, incus, stapes
95
Attaches to the tympanic membrane. Has a head that articulates with the incus, neck, and handle
Malleus
96
Located between the malleus and the stapes, articulating with both
Incus
97
Smallest ossicle, attached to the margins of the oval window
Stapes
98
Has two pairs of horns
Hyoid. Bone
99
Located at C3, between chin and thyroid cartilage
Hyoid bone
100
Serves as an attachment for anterior neck muscles and keeping the airways open
Hyoid bone
101
Central part of the hyoid bone, has an anterior convex surface and concave posterior surface
Body of hyoid
102
Projects form each end of body in a post, sup, and lat, direction. Acts as site of attachment for multiple neck muscles
Greater horn
103
Arises from superior aspect of hyoid bone, near origin of greater horn.
Lesser horn
104
Stylodhoid ligament attaches to the apex of the lesser horn
Lesser horn
105
Highest point of skull
Vertex
106
Junction of greater wing of sphenoid bone, squamous portion of the temporal bone, the frontal bone, and the parietal bone
Pterion
107
Most anterior part of the forehead, formed by inferior frontal bone and root of nose
Glabella
108
Most prominent part of the external occipital protuberance
Inion
109
Cribriform formaina in cribriform plate contains
Olfactory nerves (CNI)
110
Anterior and post ethmoidal formanina contains
Vessels and nerves with the same names as foramina
111
Optic canals contain
Optic nerves (CN II) and opthalmic arteries
112
Superior orbital fissure contains
Opthalmic veins, nerves (CN VI), CN III, IV, and VI, and sympathetic fibers
113
Foramen rotundum contains
Maxillary nerve (CN V2)
114
Foramen ovale contains
Mandibular nerve (CN V3) and accessory meningeal artery
115
Foramen spinosum contains
Middle meningeal artery and vein and branch of CN V3
116
Groove or hiatus of greater petrosal nerve contains
Greater petrosal nerve and branch of middle meningeal artery
117
Foramen magnum contains
Medulla and meninges, vertebral arteries, CN XI
118
Jugular foramen contains
CN IX, X, XI; inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses
119
Hypoglossal canal contains
Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
120
Stylomastoid foramen contains
Facial nerve (VII)
