Skull

Question 1

Axial skeleton

Answer 1

Bones of skull, thorax, vertebral column

Question 2

Skull

Answer 2

Cranium & mandible

Question 3

Vertebral column

Answer 3

Sternum, ribs, sacrum, & coccyx

Question 4

Neurocranium

Answer 4

Protects the brain
Includes:
- occipital bone: back of head
- parietal bones: each side of brain
- frontal bone: forehead & eye orbits
- temporal bones: side of head near ears
- sphenoid bone: side of head next to temporal & posterior of eye orbit
- ethmoid bone: right between eyes & behind nasal bone

Question 5

Viscerocranium

Answer 5

Organs involved with special senses, protect soft tissues in face
Includes:
- maxilla
- palatine bone
- nasal bone
- inferior nasal conchae
- zygomatic bones
- lacrimal bones
- vomer
- mandible

Question 6

Sutures

Answer 6

The joint where 2 cranial bones articulate with one another

Question 7

Sagittal suture

Answer 7

Divides the 2 parietal bones

Question 8

Lambdoidal suture

Answer 8

Divides occipital bone from the 2 parietal bones

Question 9

Squamousal sutures

Answer 9

Divides temporal bone from parietal bone on each side

Question 10

Coronal suture

Answer 10

Divides frontal bone from 2 parietal bones

Question 11

Occipital bone features

Answer 11

1) Connect cranium to vertebral column
2) occipital condyle: atlas (c1) articulates
3) foramen magnum: big hole where the spinal cord passes
4) jugular foramen: 2 holes near foramen magnum where the jugular veins exit
5) hypoglossal canal: 2 canals underneath the occipital condyles where the hypoglossal nerve passes

Question 12

Temporal bone features

Answer 12

1) internal acoustic meatus: internal ear hole
2) external acoustic meatus: external ear hole
3) mastoid process
4) styloid process: hyoid attaches
5) mandibular fossa: Where mandible articulates with cranium
6) carotid canal: major artery goes through to supply blood to brain
7) foramen lacerum: hole where occipital, temporal, and sphenoid bones meet

Question 13

Frontal bone features

Answer 13

1) supra-orbital foramen: holes above eye orbit where nerve runs through

Question 14

Sphenoid bone feature

Answer 14

1) sella turcica: where pituitary gland sits
2) optic canal: passageway of optic nerve
3) superior orbital fissure: long hole
4) foramen rotundum: round hole
5) foramen ovale: oval hole
6) foramen spinosum: small hole

Question 15

Ethmoid bone feature

Answer 15

1) perpendicular plate: inside nasal cavity
2) crista galli: opposite of perpendicular plate
3) cribriform plate: flat bone with holes where olfactory nerves go through

Question 16

Nasal septum parts

Answer 16

Ethmoid = upper

Vomer = lower

Question 17

Viscerocranium bones

Answer 17

1) zygomatic bones: cheek bones
2) maxilla: holds upper teeth
3) vomer: lower part of nasal septum
4) inferior nasal conchae: regulates flow of air through nasal cavities
5) mandible: holds lower teeth
6) nasal bone: nose
7) palatine bone: roof of mouth
8) lacrimal bones: where tears come out

Question 18

Maxilla bone features

Answer 18

1) infra-orbital foramen: holes under eye orbit
2) inferior orbital fissure: long holes in eye orbit
3) alveolar part: thin portion contains tooth roots

Question 19

Mandible bone features

Answer 19

1) mandibular condyles: articulate with mandibular fossa on temporal bone
2) alveolar part: thin portion containing tooth roots
3) mandibular foramen: located inside mandible
4) mental foramen: holes on chin

Question 20

Divisions of the axial skeleton are

Answer 20

Cranium= all bones in the head
Postcrania= all bones below the head