Skull

Question 1

What type of joints connect the bones of the skull?

Answer 1

Fibrous joints (specifically sutures)
Only found in the skull
Allow minimal movement, providing strength and protection

Question 2

Which bones does the Coronal Suture unite?

Answer 2

Frontal bone
Both Parietal bones

Question 3

Which bones does the Sagittal Suture unite?

Answer 3

Both Parietal bones

Question 4

Which bones does the Lambdoid Suture unite?

Answer 4

Occipital bone
Both Parietal bones

Question 5

Which bones does the Squamous Suture unite?

Answer 5

Temporal bone
Parietal bone (on each side)

Question 6

Which bones form the Anterior Cranial Fossa?

Answer 6

Frontal
Ethmoid
Lesser wing of Sphenoid

Question 7

Which bones form the Middle Cranial Fossa?

Answer 7

Sphenoid (excluding Lesser wing)
Temporal (predominantly)

Question 8

Which bones form the Posterior Cranial Fossa?

Answer 8

Temporal (posterior aspect of Petrous Pyramid)
Occipital (predominantly)

Question 9

Where is the Crista Galli of the Ethmoid located?

Answer 9

Anterior Cranial Fossa

Question 10

Where is the Lesser Wing of the Sphenoid located?

Answer 10

Anterior Cranial Fossa

Question 11

Where is the Greater Wing of the Sphenoid located?

Answer 11

Middle Cranial Fossa

Question 12

Where is the Sella Turcica (Pituitary/Hypophyseal Fossa) of the Sphenoid located?

Answer 12

Middle Cranial Fossa

Question 13

Where are the Anterior and Posterior Clinoid Processes of the Sphenoid located?

Answer 13

Middle Cranial Fossa

Question 14

Where is the Dorsum Sellae of the Sphenoid located?

Answer 14

Middle Cranial Fossa (but arguably in Posterior Cranial Fossa too)

Question 15

Where is the Petrous Pyramid of the Temporal Bone located?

Answer 15

Houses Internal and Middle Ear
Conduit for Internal Carotid Artery & Cranial Nerves VII & VIII (Facial & Vestibulocochlear)

Question 16

Where is the Petrous Ridge of the Temporal Bone located?

Answer 16

Boundary between Middle and Posterior Cranial Fossae

Question 17

Where is the Optic Canal located?

Answer 17

Location: Internal and external skull, within the Sphenoid Bone.

Question 18

What does the Optic Canal transmit?

Answer 18

Transmits:

Cranial Nerve II (Optic Nerve)

Ophthalmic Artery

Clarifier: The Optic Canal serves as a passage for the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery to the eye.

Question 19

Where is the Superior Orbital Fissure located?

Answer 19

Location: Internal and external skull, between the Greater and Lesser Wings of the Sphenoid.

Question 20

What does the Superior Orbital Fissure transmit?

Answer 20

Transmits:

Structures between the Orbit and Face

Cranial Nerves III, IV, V (Ophthalmic Division), VI

Clarifier: The Superior Orbital Fissure allows passage of important nerves controlling eye movements and sensation.

Question 21

Where is the Inferior Orbital Fissure located?

Answer 21

Location: Between the Sphenoid and Maxilla.

Question 22

What does the Inferior Orbital Fissure transmit?

Answer 22

Transmits:

Structures between the Orbit and Face

Branches of Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal - Maxillary Division)

Clarifier: This fissure transmits nerves that provide sensation to the lower face and upper teeth.

Question 23

Where is the Foramen Rotundum located?

Answer 23

Location: Sphenoid Bone.

Question 24

What does the Foramen Rotundum transmit?

Answer 24

Transmits:

Maxillary Division of Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal - V2)

Clarifier: The Foramen Rotundum provides passage for the maxillary nerve to the face.

Question 25

Where is the Foramen Ovale located?

Answer 25

Location: Sphenoid Bone.

Question 26

What does the Foramen Ovale transmit?

Answer 26

Transmits: Mandibular Division of Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal - V3) Additional small structures. ## Footnote Clarifier: This foramen is important for the passage of the mandibular nerve and other structures.

Question 27

Where is the Foramen Spinosum located?

Answer 27

Location: Sphenoid Bone.

Question 28

What does the Foramen Spinosum transmit?

Answer 28

Transmits: Middle Meningeal Artery ## Footnote Clarifier: The Foramen Spinosum transmits the middle meningeal artery to the meninges and calvaria.

Question 29

Where is the Foramen Lacerum located?

Answer 29

Location: Junction of Sphenoid, Temporal, and Occipital Bones.

Question 30

What does the Foramen Lacerum transmit?

Answer 30

Transmits: Internal Carotid Artery (into the Cranial Cavity via its inner half) ## Footnote Clarifier: The Internal Carotid Artery enters the cranial cavity through the Foramen Lacerum.

Question 31

Where is the Jugular Foramen located?

Answer 31

Location: Between Temporal and Occipital Bones.

Question 32

What does the Jugular Foramen transmit?

Answer 32

Transmits: Cranial Nerves IX, X, XI (Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory) Internal Jugular Vein ## Footnote Clarifier: The Jugular Foramen transmits critical nerves and veins in the neck and head region.

Question 33

Where is the Carotid Canal located?

Answer 33

Location: Temporal Bone.

Question 34

What does the Carotid Canal transmit?

Answer 34

Transmits: Internal Carotid Artery (continues into Foramen Lacerum) ## Footnote Clarifier: The Carotid Canal transmits the internal carotid artery into the cranial cavity.

Question 35

Where is the Stylomastoid Foramen located?

Answer 35

Location: External Skull only, Temporal Bone.

Question 36

What does the Stylomastoid Foramen transmit?

Answer 36

Transmits: Cranial Nerve VII (Facial Nerve) ## Footnote Clarifier: The Stylomastoid Foramen transmits the facial nerve to the muscles of the face.

Question 37

Where is the Hypoglossal Canal located?

Answer 37

Location: Occipital Bone.

Question 38

What does the Hypoglossal Canal transmit?

Answer 38

Transmits: Cranial Nerve XII (Hypoglossal Nerve)

Question 39

Where is the Internal Acoustic Meatus of the Petrous Pyramid (Temporal Bone) located?

Answer 39

Located in the temporal bone, within the petrous pyramid.

Question 40

Where is the Clivus of the Occipital Bone located?

Answer 40

Located in the posterior fossa of the skull.

Question 41

What are Paranasal Sinuses?

Answer 41

Air-filled spaces within certain bones around the nasal cavity.

Question 42

Where are the Frontal Sinuses located?

Answer 42

Located in the frontal bone, above the eyes.

Question 43

Where are the Maxillary Sinuses located?

Answer 43

Located in the maxillary bones, under the eyes.

Question 44

Where are the Ethmoid Sinuses located?

Answer 44

Located between the eyes, within the ethmoid bone.

Question 45

Where are the Sphenoid Sinuses located?

Answer 45

Located in the sphenoid bone, behind the nasal cavity.

Question 46

What does the Walters view evaluate?

Answer 46

It is useful for evaluating the Maxillary Sinuses and Frontal Sinuses.

Question 47

What does the Caldwell view evaluate?

Answer 47

It is useful for evaluating the Frontal Sinuses and Paranasal Sinuses.

Question 48

What does the Townes view evaluate?

Answer 48

It is useful for evaluating skull fractures, neoplasia, and the Petrous Temporal Bone.

Question 49

What does the Non-Angled Overview of the Skull (PA) help evaluate?

Answer 49

It helps evaluate the Petrous Ridge and provides a less magnified view of the facial bones.

Question 50

Through which structure does Cranial Nerve II (Optic Nerve) pass?

Answer 50

Optic Canal – Located in the Sphenoid Bone

Question 51

Through which structure do Cranial Nerves III, IV, V₁ (Ophthalmic), and VI pass?

Answer 51

Superior Orbital Fissure – Between the Greater and Lesser Wings of the Sphenoid

Question 52

Through which structure do branches of Cranial Nerve V₂ (Maxillary Division) pass?

Answer 52

Inferior Orbital Fissure – Between the Sphenoid and Maxilla

Question 53

Through which structure does Cranial Nerve V₂ (Maxillary Division) pass?

Answer 53

Foramen Rotundum – Located in the Sphenoid Bone

Question 54

Through which structure does Cranial Nerve V₃ (Mandibular Division) pass?

Answer 54

Foramen Ovale – Located in the Sphenoid Bone

Question 55

Through which structure does the Middle Meningeal Artery pass?

Answer 55

Foramen Spinosum – Located in the Sphenoid Bone

Question 56

Through which structure does the Internal Carotid Artery pass into the cranial cavity?

Answer 56

Foramen Lacerum – At the junction of Sphenoid, Temporal, and Occipital Bones

Question 57

Through which structure do Cranial Nerves IX, X, XI pass?

Answer 57

Jugular Foramen – Between the Temporal and Occipital Bones

Question 58

Through which structure does the Internal Carotid Artery enter the skull?

Answer 58

Carotid Canal – Located in the Temporal Bone

Question 59

Through which structure does Cranial Nerve VII (Facial Nerve) exit the skull?

Answer 59

Stylomastoid Foramen – Located in the Temporal Bone

Question 60

Through which structure does Cranial Nerve XII (Hypoglossal Nerve) pass?

Answer 60

Hypoglossal Canal – Located in the Occipital Bone