Skull Flashcards
What does the Appendicular Skeleton include?
Upper limbs, lower limbs, pelvic and shoulder girdle
126 bones
126 bones
What does the Axial Skeleton consist of?
bones of the skull, thorax, and vertebral column
The Axial Skeleton provides support and protection for the brain, spinal cord, and organs in the thorax. 80 bones
facet
none in skull
Two joints coming together (vertebrae)
Facets are important for the movement and stability of the spine.
sulcus
none in skull
A groove
Sulci can be found on the surface of bones and are often associated with blood vessels or nerves.
tubercle
none in skull
A small rounded projection
Occipital bone - jugular tubercle
tuberosity
none in skull
A protuberance in a bone
Upper jaw
malleolus
none in skull
A bony projection
Malleoli are commonly found at the ankle joint.
styloid process
A slender projection
a slender and pointed bony process of the temporal bone projecting anteroinferiorly from the inferior surface of the temporal bone just below the ear.
condyle
A rounded protuberance
occipital condyle, mandibular condyle
fossa
A shallow depression or smoothened area
posterior cranial fossae (occipital bone), anterior cranial fossae (front bone)
meatus
A passage through
internal / external acoustic meatus (temporal)
foramen
An opening or a hole
foramen magnum, jugular foramen (occipital), foramen ovale, rotundum, spinosum (sphenoid), supraorbital foramen (frontal), mental foramen (mandible)
skull composition
22 bones: 8 cranial and 14 facial bones
cranial bones
8 bones
Ethmoid, occipital, parietal (2), frontal, temporal (2), sphenoid
“Old People From Timbuktu Eat Spiders”
Egith Osseous Parts Form The Skull
facial bones
14 bones
maxillae (2), mandible, conchae (2), nasal (2), vomer, lacriminal (2), zygomatic (2), palatine (2)
“Virgil Can Not Make My Pet Zebra Laugh”
“My Mandible Chews Nine Very Large Zucchini Pizzas”
sutures of the skull
sagittal, coronal, squamous, lambdoid
dense fibrous connective tissue joins bones firmly together
sagittal suture
between the parietal bones
coronal suture
between the frontal and parietal bones
squamous suture
between the parietal and temporal bones
lambdoid suture
between the parietal and occipital bones
ethmoid bone
5 features
crista galli, perpendicular plate, ethmoid sinus, cribiform plate, olfactory foramina
part of the nasal cavity, nasal septum, forms part of the orbit of eye
occipital bone
8 features
foramen magnum, occipital condyles, jugular foramen, superior nuchal line, inferior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, hypoglossal canal, posterior cranial fossae
parietal bones
no feauture
2 parietal bones located on either side of the skull
frontal bone
6 features
glabella, superciliary arch, supraorbital arch, supraorbital margin, supraorbital foramen, frontal sinus, anterior cranial fossae
temporal bone
5 features
extneral acoustic meatus, styloid process, zygomatic process, mastoid process, carotid canal
sphenoid bone
9 features
sella turcica, greater and lesser wings, optic canal, superior orbital fissue, foramen rotundum, foramen oval, foramen spinosumoval, medial and lateral ptyergoid process (plates), sphenoid sinu
paranasal sinunes
frontal, ethmoid, maxillary, sphenoid
bones of the face
paired maxillae, conchae, nasal, lacrimal, sygomatic, palatine and singular mandible and vomer
6 pairs and 2 singular bones
maxilla
4 features
infraorbital foramina, palatine process, maxillary sinus, alveolar margin
mandible
7 features
coronoid process, mandibular notch, mandibular condyle, mental foramen, ramus, mandibular angle, alveolar margin
conchae
2 bones
inferior nasal conchae on each side of nasal septum
nasal
2 bones
small, paired bones that form the bony portion of the nose
vomer
on floor of nasal cavity
lacrimal
2 bones
encloses tear duct
lacrimal groove - shallow depression
zygomatic
2 bones
form the cheekbone
palatine
2 bones
deep in the skull, anterior to palatine process of the maxilla
hyoid bone
involved in speech and swallowing
