Skin + systemic disease

Question 1

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia is a skin sign associated with disease of what system of the body

Answer 1

GI

-are autosomal dominant genetic disorder that leads to abnormal blood vessel formation giving the appearance

Question 2

Blue marks on the skin is a skin sign associated with what disease

Answer 2

blue rubber bleb naevus syndrome

-due to venous malformations (abnormal veins) in the skin and in organs

Question 3

What GI disease is erythema nodosum a sign of

+ what other diseases is it seen in

Answer 3

IBD - crohn’s and UC

Sarcoidosis
TB

Question 4

Pyoderma gangrenosum (large painful ulcers usually on legs) is a skin sign of what GI/autoimmune diseases (2)

Answer 4

IBD

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 5

Swollen, spongy and purplish gums that are prone to bleeding is a sign of what disease

Answer 5

Scurvy - vitamin c deficiency

Question 6

Skin signs of diabetes (5)

Answer 6

Acanthosis nigricans

Diabetic bullae

Diabetic dermopathy (round dull red papules on shins) - commonest

Eruptive xanthomas - papules of fat

Necrobiosis lipoidica - sharply demarcated, atrophic yellowish patches or plaques on the shins

Question 7

Commonest skin condition of diabetes

Answer 7

Diabetic dermopathy (round dull red papules on shins)

Question 8

Thyroid acropachy (soft-tissue swelling of the hands and clubbing of the fingers) is a sign of what endocrine disease

Answer 8

Grave’s disease

Question 9

Name a skin sign of hypothyroid disorders, esp in the shin

Answer 9

Pretibial myxoedema

Question 10

Autoimmune conditions that cause skin manifestations

Answer 10

Systemic lupus erythematosus
Vasculitis
Alopecia
Vitiligo

Question 11

Skin signs of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) - an autoimmune condition (2)

Answer 11

Butterfly shaped rash on face (malar rash)

Plaques with clear margins that appear or worsen with sun exposure (photosensitive rash)

Question 12

Skin signs of vasculitis - an autoimmune condition (2)

Answer 12

Palpable purpura - purplish–red spots, usually found on the leg that don’t blanch when pressed

Lacy streaks of redness

Question 13

Skin sign of alopecia areata - an autoimmune condition

Answer 13

Spots of baldness on scalp

Question 14

Skin sign of vitiligo - an autoimmune condition

Answer 14

pale sharp white patches

-due to lack of melanin

Question 15

Skin conditions with underlying malignancy:

Leser Trelat

Answer 15

.

Question 16

Skin sign of carcinoid syndrome

Answer 16

Episodic flushing of skin but no sweating

Facial telangiectasia

Question 17

What is carcinoid syndrome

+ what are carcinoid tumours

Answer 17

paraneoplastic syndrome comprising the signs and symptoms that occur secondary to carcinoid tumours

aka neuroendocrine tumours
-release serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and other vasoactive peptides into the blood

Question 18

Skin signs of ectopic ACTH syndrome (i.e. overproduction of ACTH by a tumour outwith the pituitary)

Answer 18

Generalised hyperpigmentation

Question 19

Skin signs of Paget’s disease of the breast

Answer 19

Eczema on nipple area

Question 20

Skin sign of paraneoplastic pemphigus (think pemphigus and pemphigoid) (3)

Answer 20

Vesicles/bullae
Erythema
Maybe erosions

Question 21

Paget’s disease of the breast is associated with underlying what malignancy

Answer 21

breast cancer

Question 22

What is paraneoplastic pemphigus

Answer 22

autoimmune disorder stemming from an underlying tumour
-hypothesised that antigens associated with the tumour trigger an immune response resulting in blistering of the skin and mucous membranes.

Question 23

Skin sign of acquired hypertrichosis lanugionsa (RARE)

Answer 23

Rapid growth of lanugo hairs (fine, soft, long hairs) on the face + trunk

Question 24

Acquired hypertrichosis lanugionsa is associated with what underlying advanced malignancy

Answer 24

Advanced olorectal cancer

Question 25

Skin sign of erythema gyratum repens

Answer 25

Concentric ‘figurate’ erythema lesions

Question 26

erythema gyratum repens is associated with what underlying malignancy

Answer 26

Lung cancer

Question 27

Skin signs of bazar syndrome (acrokeratosis neoplastica)

Answer 27

erythematous squamous plaques (symmetrical papulosquamous eruptions)

skin scaling

nail dystrophy

Question 28

Bazar syndrome (acrokeratosis neoplastica) is associated with what cancer type

Answer 28

Head and neck squamous cell cancer

Question 29

What is the leser trelat sign

Answer 29

explosive onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses

Question 30

Leser trelat sign (explosive onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses) is most associated with what malignancy

Answer 30

GI adenocarcinomas

Question 31

Hallmark signs of dermatomyositis (rare inflammatory disease)

Answer 31

Rash
-face, periorbital, chest, knuckles

+

muscle weakness (proximal)

Question 32

May be associated with malignancy:

Bullous pemphgoid
Sweets Syndrome
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Acquired ichthyosis
Cryoglobulinaemia

Answer 32

.

Question 33

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (a genetic syndrome that predisposes to tumour formation) is characterised by what

Answer 33

characterised by the development benign hamartomatous polyps in the GI tract and hyperpigmented macules on the lips and oral mucosa that looks like hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia

Question 34

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia is often confused with what genetic syndrome due to similarity in the appearance of the red lesions

Answer 34

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Question 35

Muir-torre syndrome (a genetic syndrome that predisposes to tumour formation) is characterised by what

Answer 35

form of Lynch syndrome (HNPCC) and is characterised by sebaceous skin tumors in association with internal cancers

Question 36

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome predisposes you to which cancer the most

Answer 36

GI/ Colon

Question 37

Muir-torre syndrome predisposes you to which cancer the most

Answer 37

Colorectal

Question 38

What is neurofibromatosis

Answer 38

a group of three conditions in which tumors grow in the nervous system
-three types are neurofibromatosis type I (NF1), neurofibromatosis type II (NF2), and schwannomatosis

Question 39

Howel-evans syndrome (a genetic syndrome that predisposes to tumour formation) is characterised by what

Answer 39

hyperkeratosis (thickening) of palms and soles

Question 40

Howel-evans syndrome (a genetic syndrome that predisposes to tumour formation) predisposes to what malignancy

Answer 40

Oesophageal cancer