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SKIN > Skin Structure, Growth, And Nutrition > Flashcards

Skin Structure, Growth, And Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails

A

Dermatologist

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2
Q

What are cosmetologists allowed to do in regards to skin?

A

Clean skin, preserve the health of the skin, and beautify the skin

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3
Q

Esthetician

A

Specializes in the cleansing, beautification, and preservation of the health of skin on the entire body, including the face & neck

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4
Q

Skin

A
  • largest organ in the body
  • weighs 6-9 pounds
  • protects muscles, bones, nerves, blood vessels
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5
Q

Heathy skin

A

Slightly moist, soft, and flexible, smooth/fine-grained texture
-slightly acidic

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6
Q

Callus

A

Continued, repeated pressure on any part of the skin, especially the hands and feet

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7
Q

Name the parts of the Epidermis

A

Stratum Corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum germinativum

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8
Q

The outermost and thinnest layer of skin

A

Epidermis

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9
Q

The underlying or inner layer of skin, known as the derma or cutis or true skin
-25x thicker than the epidermis

A

The Dermis

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10
Q

“Horny layer,” the outer layer of the epidermis, the layer we see when we look at the skin. It’s scale-like cells are continually being shed and replaced by cells

A

The Stratum Corneum

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11
Q

A fibrous protein that is also the principle component of hair and nails. It’s part of the stratum Corneum

A

Keratin

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12
Q

Barrier function

A

The complex of lipids between the cells

-keeps the skin moist by preventing water evaporation & guard against irritants penetrating the skin surface

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13
Q

The clear, transparent layer under the Stratum Corneum, consists of small cells through which light can pass

A

The Stratum Lucidum

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14
Q

“Granular layer,” the layer of the epidermis that is composed of cells that look like granules and are filled with keratin

A

The Stratum Granulosum

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15
Q

The spiny layer just above the stratum germinativum, where the process of skin cell shedding begins

A

The Stratum Spinosum

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16
Q

“Basal Cell Layer,” deepest layer of epidermis, the live layer that produces new epidermal skin cells and is responsible for the growth of the epidermis
-contains melanocytes

A

The Stratum Germinativum

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17
Q

Melanocytes

A

Produce dark skin pigment called melanin. Melanin protects the cells in the Dermis from excessive UV light

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18
Q

Arrector Pili Muscles

A

Small, involuntary muscles in the base of the hair follicle that cause goose flesh/goose bumps and papillae!

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19
Q

The outermost layer of the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis
-here you will find the dermal papillae

A

The Papillary Layer

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20
Q

Dermal Papillae

A

Small, cone-shaped elevations at the base of the hair follicles

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21
Q

What is the thinnest skin of the body?

A

The skin located under and around our eyes

22
Q

The deeper layer of the Dermis that supplies the skin with all of its oxygen and nutrients

A

The Reticular Layer

23
Q

What does the Reticular Layer contain?

A
  • Fat cells
  • Blood vessels
  • Lymph vessels
  • Sebaceous (oil) glands
  • Sudoriferous (sweat) glands
  • Hair follicles
  • Arrector Pili muscles
  • Nerve Endings
24
Q

Subcutaneous Tissue

A

The fatty tissue found below the dermis, gives smoothness and contour to the body, contains fats for energy

25
Q

Lymph

A

The clear fluids of the body that bathe the skin cells, remove toxins & cellular waste, and have immune functions to help protect the body & skin from disease

26
Q

Name the nerves of the skin

A

Motor nerve fibers
Sensory nerve fibers
Secretory nerve fibers

27
Q

Motor Nerve Fibers

A

Distributed to the Arrector Pili muscles attached to the hair follicles
-carry impulses from the brain to the muscles

28
Q

Sensory Nerve Fibers

A

React to heat, cold, touch, pressure, & pain. Sensory receptors send messages to the brain

29
Q

Secretory Nerve Fibers

A

Distributed to the Sudoriferous (sweat) and sebaceous (oil) glands of the skin
-regulate the excretion of perspiration from the Sudoriferous glands and controls the flow of sebum to the surface of the skin

30
Q

Pheomelanin

A

Red to yellow in color

31
Q

Eumelanin

A

Dark brown to black

32
Q

What does Broad Spectrum sunscreen mean?

A

The sunscreen product can protect against both UVA and UVB radiation from the sun

33
Q

Collagen

A

A fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength

-if collagen fibers lose their strength, wrinkles and sagging occur

34
Q

Elastin

A

A protein base similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue, gives the skin its flexibility and elasticity

35
Q

Sudoriferous Glands

A

Excrete perspiration and detoxify the body by excreting excess salt and unwanted chemicals

  • regulate body temperature
  • help eliminate waste products from the body
36
Q

Sebaceous Glands

A

Connected to hair follicles

-consist of little sacs with ducts that open into the follicles and secrete sebum

37
Q

Sebum

A

A fatty or oily substance that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair

38
Q

Open Comedo

A

“Blackhead,” when sebum hardens and the duct becomes clogged

-a hair follicle filled with dead keratinized cells and sebum

39
Q

Closed Comedo

A

“Whitehead,” filled with dead cells and sebum but has a very small surface follicle opening and appears as a small white bump just under the skin surface

40
Q

A skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions and bacteria

A

Acne or “acne vulgaris”

41
Q

The technical term for acne bacteria

A

Propionibacterium Acnes

42
Q

Papule

A

A pimple; a small elevation of the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus

43
Q

Pustule

A

A raised inflamed Papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion referred to the head of the pimple

44
Q

Six principle functions of the skin

A
  1. Protect
  2. sensation
  3. Heat regulation
  4. Excretion
  5. Secretion
  6. Absorption
45
Q

Minerals

A

Used by cells to produce important biochemicals that have many body functions

46
Q

What percent of the body’s weight does water make up?

A

50-70%

47
Q

Which vitamin supports the overall health of the skin & aids in the health, function, and repair of skin cells? It has also shown to improve the skins elasticity and thickness

A

Vitamin A

48
Q

Which vitamin is an important substance needed for the proper repair of the skin and tissues and accelerates the healing process?

A

Vitamin C

49
Q

Which vitamin enables the body to properly absorb and use calcium?

A

Vitamin D

50
Q

Which vitamin helps protect the skin from harmful effects of the suns UV light?

A

Vitamin E

51
Q

What is the top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis called?

A

The epidermal-dermal junction

52
Q

Dermatology

A

The medical brand of science that deals with the study of skin, it’s nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment

SKIN (2 decks)

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