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Skin Disorders And Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Lesions that are a different color than the color of the skin and/or lesions that are raised above the surface of the skin

A

Primary lesions

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2
Q

Characterized by piles of material on the skin surface, such as a crust or scab, or by depressions in the skin surface, such as an ulcer

A

Secondary Skin lesions

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3
Q

Bulla

A

Large blister containing a watery fluid, similar to a vesicle. Examples: contact dermatitis, large second degree burns

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4
Q

Cyst or tubercle

A

Closed, abnormally developed sad that contains pus, semi fluid, or morbid matter, above or below the skin. A cyst (ex: severe acne) can be drained but a tubercle cannot

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5
Q

Macule

A

Flat spot or discoloration on the skin. An example is a freckle

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6
Q

Nodule

A

A solid bump larger than 1cm that can be easily felt. Examples are swollen lymph nodes and rheumatoid nodules

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7
Q

Papule

A

A small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop pus. Examples: acne, warts

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8
Q

Pustule

A

Raised, inflamed, papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion. Example: acne, impetigo

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9
Q

Tumor

A

Abnormal mass varying in size, shape, and color. Ex: cancer

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10
Q

Vesicle

A

Small blister or sac containing clear fluid, lying within or just beneath the epidermis. Ex: poison ivy, poison oak

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11
Q

Wheal

A

An itchy, swollen lesion that can be caused by a blow, scratch, bite of an insect or skin allergy. Typically, resolves on its own. Ex: hives, mosquito bites

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12
Q

Crust

A

Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while healing, accumulation of sebum and pus. Ex: scab, sore

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13
Q

Excoriation

A

Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping. Ex: nail cuticle damage from nail biting

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14
Q

Fissure

A

Crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis. Ex: severely cracked or chapped hands, lips, or feet

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15
Q

Keloid

A

A thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue. Will form along any type of scar.

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16
Q

Scale

A

Thin, dry, or oily plate of epidermal flakes. Ex: excessive dandruff, psoriasis

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17
Q

Scar or cicatrix

A

Slightly raised or depressed area of the skin that forms as a result of the healing process related to an injury or lesion. Ex: post-operative repair

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18
Q

Ulcer

A

Open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by loss of skin depth and possibly weeping of fluids or pus. Ex: chicken pox, herpes

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19
Q

Open Comedo

A

“Blackhead,” a hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum

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20
Q

Closed Comedo

A

“Whitehead,” the follicle is closed and not exposed to the environment

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21
Q

Milia

A

Benign keratin filled cysts that appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening

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22
Q

Acne

A

Also known as acne vulgaris, a skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions and bacteria known as propionibacterium Acnes
-main food source is fatty acids

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23
Q

Sebaceous cyst

A

Large, protruding pocket-like lesion filled with sebum; frequently seen on the scalp and back

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24
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis

A

A skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands, characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, and/or itchiness

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25
Lesion
A mark on the skin that may indicate an injury or damage that changed the structure of tissues or organs
26
A large protruding pocket-like lesion filled with sebum. Frequently seen on the scalp and back
Sebaceous cyst
27
Seborrheic Dermatitis
A skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands, and is often characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, and/or itchiness
28
A chronic condition that appears primarily on the cheeks and nose
Rosacea
29
Distended or dilated surface blood vessels
Telangiectasis
30
A deficiency in perspiration or the inability to sweat, often a result of damage to autonomic nerves
Anhidrosis
31
Foul smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or feet, caused by bacteria
Bromhidrosis
32
Excessive sweating caused by heat or general body weakness
Hyperhidrosis
33
Miliaria Rubra
"Prickly heat," an acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, characterized by the eruption of small, red vesicles accompanied by burning, itching skin. Caused by exposure to excessive heat
34
Conjunctivitis
Infection of the eye that may be caused by a bacteria or virus
35
Dermatitis
A term broadly used to describe any inflammatory condition of the skin
36
An inflammatory uncomfortable and often chronic disease of the skin. Characterized by moderate to severe inflammation, scaling, and sometimes severe itching
Eczema
37
Herpes Simplex 1
A recurring viral infection that often presents as a fever blister or cold sore, although many people have no symptoms
38
Impetigo
A contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by weeping lesions and usually caused by a staphylococcus bacteria. Occurs normally on the face
39
A skin disease characterized by red patches covered with silver white scales and usually found on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back
Psoriasis
40
Dyschromias
Abnormal colorations that accompany skin disorders and are symptoms of many systemic disorders
41
Hyperpigmentation
Darker than normal pigmentation
42
Hypopigmentation
Absence of pigment, white light splotches
43
Albinism
Congenital Hypopigmentation, absence of melanin in the body including skin, hair, and eyes
44
Choasma
"Mask of pregnancy," condition characterized by Hyperpigmentation on the skin in spots that are not elevated. Generally caused by cumulative sun exposure
45
Letigines
Technical term for freckles
46
Leukoderma
Skin disorder characterized by light, abnormal patches (Hypopigmentation); it is caused by a burn, scar, inflammation or congenital disease. Ex: vitiligo and albinism
47
Nevus
"Birthmark," a small or large malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries
48
Stain
Abnormal brown-colored or wine-colored discoloration with a circular or irregular shape. It's permanent color is due to the presence of darker pigment. Cause is unknown.
49
Vitiligo
A heredity condition that causes hypopigmented spots and splotches on the skin that often appear milky white. Research suggests this is part of an autoimmune disease
50
Hypertrophy
Abnormal growth of the skin
51
Keratoma
An acquired, superficial, thickened patch of epidermis. A callus or corn is an example
52
Mole
Small brownish spot or blemish on the skin, ranging in color from pale tan to brown or bluish black. Some are small and flat, others are raised and darker
53
A small brown colored or flesh colored outgrowth of the skin
Skin tag
54
Verruca
Wart; a Hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis, caused by a virus and is infectious, they can spread from one location to another
55
Most common and least severe skin cancer; characterized by light or pearly nodules, 90% survival rage with early diagnosis
Basal Cell Carcinoma
56
More serious than basal cell carcinoma; characterized by scaly red papules or nodules. It can spread to other parts of the body and survival rates depend on the stage at diagnosis
Squamous cell carcinoma
57
Least common, but most dangerous form of skin cancer, characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised
Malignant Melanoma
58
What does ABCDE rule mean when checking moles?
``` A: Assymetry B: Border Irregularity C: Color D: Diameter E: Evolution ```
59
Retention hyperkeratosis
The hereditary tendency for acne-prone skin to retain dead cells in the follicle, forming an obstruction that clogs follicles and exacerbates inflammatory acne lesions such as papules and pustules
60
Anaerobic
The bacteria cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. Ex: propionibacterium acne
61
Noncomedogenic
The product has been designed and proven not to clog the follicles
62
Intrinsic Factors
Skin aging factors which we have little control: genetics, gravitational pull, facial expressions
63
Extrinsic Factors
Environmental factors that contribute to aging and the appearance of aging: sun exposure, smoking, overuse of alcohol, combination of smoking & alcohol, stress, poor nutrition, pollution
64
UVA rays
Aging rays, deep penetrating rays that can even go through a glass window
65
UVB rays
Burning rays, cause sunburns, tanning of the skin, and majority of skin cancers
66
Contact dermatitis
An inflammation of the skin caused by having contact with certain chemicals or substances
67
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
"ACD," occurs when a person develops an allergy to an ingredient of a chemical, usually by repeated skin contact with the chemical
68
Sensitization
An allergic reaction created by repeated exposure to a chemical or substance
69
Irritant Contact Dermatitis
"ICD," occurs when irritating substances temporarily damage the epidermis, ex: corrosive substances or exfoliating agents

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