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SKIN > Skin Disorders And Diseases > Flashcards

Skin Disorders And Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Lesions that are a different color than the color of the skin and/or lesions that are raised above the surface of the skin

A

Primary lesions

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2
Q

Characterized by piles of material on the skin surface, such as a crust or scab, or by depressions in the skin surface, such as an ulcer

A

Secondary Skin lesions

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3
Q

Bulla

A

Large blister containing a watery fluid, similar to a vesicle. Examples: contact dermatitis, large second degree burns

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4
Q

Cyst or tubercle

A

Closed, abnormally developed sad that contains pus, semi fluid, or morbid matter, above or below the skin. A cyst (ex: severe acne) can be drained but a tubercle cannot

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5
Q

Macule

A

Flat spot or discoloration on the skin. An example is a freckle

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6
Q

Nodule

A

A solid bump larger than 1cm that can be easily felt. Examples are swollen lymph nodes and rheumatoid nodules

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7
Q

Papule

A

A small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop pus. Examples: acne, warts

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8
Q

Pustule

A

Raised, inflamed, papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion. Example: acne, impetigo

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9
Q

Tumor

A

Abnormal mass varying in size, shape, and color. Ex: cancer

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10
Q

Vesicle

A

Small blister or sac containing clear fluid, lying within or just beneath the epidermis. Ex: poison ivy, poison oak

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11
Q

Wheal

A

An itchy, swollen lesion that can be caused by a blow, scratch, bite of an insect or skin allergy. Typically, resolves on its own. Ex: hives, mosquito bites

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12
Q

Crust

A

Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while healing, accumulation of sebum and pus. Ex: scab, sore

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13
Q

Excoriation

A

Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping. Ex: nail cuticle damage from nail biting

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14
Q

Fissure

A

Crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis. Ex: severely cracked or chapped hands, lips, or feet

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15
Q

Keloid

A

A thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue. Will form along any type of scar.

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16
Q

Scale

A

Thin, dry, or oily plate of epidermal flakes. Ex: excessive dandruff, psoriasis

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17
Q

Scar or cicatrix

A

Slightly raised or depressed area of the skin that forms as a result of the healing process related to an injury or lesion. Ex: post-operative repair

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18
Q

Ulcer

A

Open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by loss of skin depth and possibly weeping of fluids or pus. Ex: chicken pox, herpes

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19
Q

Open Comedo

A

“Blackhead,” a hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum

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20
Q

Closed Comedo

A

“Whitehead,” the follicle is closed and not exposed to the environment

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21
Q

Milia

A

Benign keratin filled cysts that appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening

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22
Q

Acne

A

Also known as acne vulgaris, a skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions and bacteria known as propionibacterium Acnes
-main food source is fatty acids

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23
Q

Sebaceous cyst

A

Large, protruding pocket-like lesion filled with sebum; frequently seen on the scalp and back

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24
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis

A

A skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands, characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, and/or itchiness

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25
Q

Lesion

A

A mark on the skin that may indicate an injury or damage that changed the structure of tissues or organs

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26
Q

A large protruding pocket-like lesion filled with sebum. Frequently seen on the scalp and back

A

Sebaceous cyst

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27
Q

Seborrheic Dermatitis

A

A skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands, and is often characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, and/or itchiness

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28
Q

A chronic condition that appears primarily on the cheeks and nose

A

Rosacea

29
Q

Distended or dilated surface blood vessels

A

Telangiectasis

30
Q

A deficiency in perspiration or the inability to sweat, often a result of damage to autonomic nerves

A

Anhidrosis

31
Q

Foul smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or feet, caused by bacteria

A

Bromhidrosis

32
Q

Excessive sweating caused by heat or general body weakness

A

Hyperhidrosis

33
Q

Miliaria Rubra

A

“Prickly heat,” an acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, characterized by the eruption of small, red vesicles accompanied by burning, itching skin. Caused by exposure to excessive heat

34
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Infection of the eye that may be caused by a bacteria or virus

35
Q

Dermatitis

A

A term broadly used to describe any inflammatory condition of the skin

36
Q

An inflammatory uncomfortable and often chronic disease of the skin. Characterized by moderate to severe inflammation, scaling, and sometimes severe itching

A

Eczema

37
Q

Herpes Simplex 1

A

A recurring viral infection that often presents as a fever blister or cold sore, although many people have no symptoms

38
Q

Impetigo

A

A contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by weeping lesions and usually caused by a staphylococcus bacteria. Occurs normally on the face

39
Q

A skin disease characterized by red patches covered with silver white scales and usually found on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back

A

Psoriasis

40
Q

Dyschromias

A

Abnormal colorations that accompany skin disorders and are symptoms of many systemic disorders

41
Q

Hyperpigmentation

A

Darker than normal pigmentation

42
Q

Hypopigmentation

A

Absence of pigment, white light splotches

43
Q

Albinism

A

Congenital Hypopigmentation, absence of melanin in the body including skin, hair, and eyes

44
Q

Choasma

A

“Mask of pregnancy,” condition characterized by Hyperpigmentation on the skin in spots that are not elevated. Generally caused by cumulative sun exposure

45
Q

Letigines

A

Technical term for freckles

46
Q

Leukoderma

A

Skin disorder characterized by light, abnormal patches (Hypopigmentation); it is caused by a burn, scar, inflammation or congenital disease. Ex: vitiligo and albinism

47
Q

Nevus

A

“Birthmark,” a small or large malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries

48
Q

Stain

A

Abnormal brown-colored or wine-colored discoloration with a circular or irregular shape. It’s permanent color is due to the presence of darker pigment. Cause is unknown.

49
Q

Vitiligo

A

A heredity condition that causes hypopigmented spots and splotches on the skin that often appear milky white. Research suggests this is part of an autoimmune disease

50
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Abnormal growth of the skin

51
Q

Keratoma

A

An acquired, superficial, thickened patch of epidermis. A callus or corn is an example

52
Q

Mole

A

Small brownish spot or blemish on the skin, ranging in color from pale tan to brown or bluish black. Some are small and flat, others are raised and darker

53
Q

A small brown colored or flesh colored outgrowth of the skin

A

Skin tag

54
Q

Verruca

A

Wart; a Hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis, caused by a virus and is infectious, they can spread from one location to another

55
Q

Most common and least severe skin cancer; characterized by light or pearly nodules, 90% survival rage with early diagnosis

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

56
Q

More serious than basal cell carcinoma; characterized by scaly red papules or nodules. It can spread to other parts of the body and survival rates depend on the stage at diagnosis

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

57
Q

Least common, but most dangerous form of skin cancer, characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised

A

Malignant Melanoma

58
Q

What does ABCDE rule mean when checking moles?

A 
A: Assymetry
B: Border Irregularity
C: Color
D: Diameter
E: Evolution
59
Q

Retention hyperkeratosis

A

The hereditary tendency for acne-prone skin to retain dead cells in the follicle, forming an obstruction that clogs follicles and exacerbates inflammatory acne lesions such as papules and pustules

60
Q

Anaerobic

A

The bacteria cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. Ex: propionibacterium acne

61
Q

Noncomedogenic

A

The product has been designed and proven not to clog the follicles

62
Q

Intrinsic Factors

A

Skin aging factors which we have little control: genetics, gravitational pull, facial expressions

63
Q

Extrinsic Factors

A

Environmental factors that contribute to aging and the appearance of aging: sun exposure, smoking, overuse of alcohol, combination of smoking & alcohol, stress, poor nutrition, pollution

64
Q

UVA rays

A

Aging rays, deep penetrating rays that can even go through a glass window

65
Q

UVB rays

A

Burning rays, cause sunburns, tanning of the skin, and majority of skin cancers

66
Q

Contact dermatitis

A

An inflammation of the skin caused by having contact with certain chemicals or substances

67
Q

Allergic Contact Dermatitis

A

“ACD,” occurs when a person develops an allergy to an ingredient of a chemical, usually by repeated skin contact with the chemical

68
Q

Sensitization

A

An allergic reaction created by repeated exposure to a chemical or substance

69
Q

Irritant Contact Dermatitis

A

“ICD,” occurs when irritating substances temporarily damage the epidermis, ex: corrosive substances or exfoliating agents

SKIN (2 decks)

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