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VM 423 BACT > Skin speed-round > Flashcards

Skin speed-round Flashcards

1
Q

What causes pyoderma?

A

Skin: Staphylococcus spp. intermedius / pseudintermedius
(dogs)
Oral: Pasteurella spp. / Streptococcus spp. (kittens)

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2
Q

Describe pyoderma lesion

A

Superficial - pustular dermatitis
Deep - Folliculitis, furunculosis, subcutaneous abscess, cellulitis

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3
Q

Virulence factors pyoderma (Staph)

A

Staph = gram positive coccus (grape)

  • Capsular polysaccharide, teichoic acids, protein A - Interfere with phagocytosis
  • Catalase - Aids in survival within phagocytes
  • Coagulase - Shield from phagocytic cells
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4
Q

Pyoderma tx

A

Resolve with time
Topical antiseptic shampoo
AM (6-8 weeks) look at slide for more details

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5
Q

What causes exudative epidermitis? + characteristics

A

Staphylococcus hyicus
Gram positive coccus

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6
Q

Describe lesion of exudative epidermitis?

A

Extensive, non-pruritic dermatitis with a greasy exudate - Excess sebacious secretion, exfoliation, cellulitis, scabs, blisters and
pustules

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7
Q

Virulence factor exudative epidermitis

A

Exfoliative toxin - disrupts cell attachment

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8
Q

Exudative epidermitis tx

A

AM (5 days) system or topical
Hydration

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9
Q

What causes Swine erysipelas + characteristics?

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae - Gram-positive, catalase-negative rod

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10
Q

Virulence factors of swine erysipelas?

A
  • Capsule -> protects against phagocytosis
  • Neuraminidase -> adherence to endothelial cells
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11
Q

Tx swine erysipelas?

A

AM (3-6) Penicillin or tetracycline in water or feed
Can vax
Chronic infection not really treatable

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12
Q

Lesion of swine erysipelas?

A

Diamond shaped erythema (pathognomonic)

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13
Q

Dermatophilus congolensis characteristics and what is causes

A

Gram-positive, filamentous bacteria (long chain of branching cocci)

Cutaneous streptotrichosis, lumpy wool, strawberry foot rot, rain rot

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14
Q

Dermatophilus congolensis virulence factors?

A

Phospolipases and proteolytic enzymes - help to invade skin

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15
Q

Describe lesion of Dermatophilus congolensis?

A

Raised scab like crusts containing filaments with zoospores

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16
Q

Dermatophilus congolensis tx

A
  • Resolve on its own
  • AM - systemically
    Topically AM don’t work, use providone-iodine or chlorhex shampoo
17
Q

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis characteristics and what is causes

A

Gram-positive rod (bacillus) and coccus. Subtype equipment and ovis.

  • Caseous lymphadenitis -> Small ruminants
  • Ulcerative lymphangitis -> Horses (a.k.a. pigeon fever or false strangles)
  • Cutaneous granulomas -> Cattle
18
Q

Virulence factors Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

A
  • Phospholipase D -> ability to invade
  • Mycolic acid -> protects from the immune system
19
Q

Lesion Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

A

Chronic abscesses on limbs (cattle + horse) and abdomen (horse) and systemic illness (horse)

20
Q

Tx Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

A

Cattle - naaah, or shampoo
Horses - lance and drain abscess, AM, fly control

21
Q

What causes canine nocardiosis + characteristics?

A

Nocardia spp. - gram-positive, rods that form filaments

22
Q

Virulence factors canine nocardiosis?

A
  • Superoxide dismutase
  • Catalase
    Both help intracellular survival
23
Q

Lesion nocardiosis?

A

Cutaneous form -> indolent ulcer or pyogranulomatous lesions with draining tracts - firm nodules, abscesses, fistulous tracts, and extensive
fibrosis

24
Q

Tx canine nocardiosis?

A

sx removal
AM - Amikacin, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole -> at least 6 weeks

25
Q

Characteristic on Pasteurella multocida and what it likes to infect?

A

Gram negative coccobacillus
Most common cause of bite and scratch wound infections (and cellulitis in humans after cat bite)

26
Q

Virulence factors P. multocida?

A

Adhesins

27
Q

Lesion with P. multocida

A

Cellulitis

28
Q

Tx P. multocida

A

Drain pus & AM (Ampicillin, cefazolin, amoxicillinclavulanate,
cefovecin)

29
Q

Common causes sx wound infection dogs?

A

Staph pseudintermedius, Staph aureus, Streptococcus spp., coliforms

30
Q

Common causes sx wound infection cats?

A

Staph spp., Strep spp., coliforms, Pasteurella multocida

31
Q

Tx sx infection

A

Broadspectum AM - Clavulanic acid-amoxicillin or ampicillin-sulbactam.

VM 423 BACT (3 decks)

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