Skin & Soft Tissue Infections (Erdman) Flashcards
What patient group is most likely to develop impetigo?
children
What is the predominant bacteria in impetigo?
mostly S. aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A)
True or false: non-bullous impetigo is highly contagious.
true
What topical therapies are best for MILD impetigo?
mupirocin 2% or retapamulin 1% ointment
What is the recommended duration of therapy for topical impetigo treatment?
5 days
What is the recommended duration of treatment for PO impetigo therapy?
7 days
What are the potential PO antibiotic therapies for adult impetigo?
- dicloxacillin
- cephalexin
- erythromycin
- clindamycin
- Augmentin
What are the potential PO antibiotics for pediatric impetigo?
- cephalexin
- erythromycin
- clindamycin
- Augmentin
What organism is erysipelas caused by?
β-hemolytic streptococci
What condition is recognizable by peau d’orange?
erysipelas
What are the most prominent causative organisms in cellulitis?
S. aureus and S. pyogenes
When should CA-MRSA be suspected in a cellulitis patient?
if their infection includes an abscess or drainable focus of infection, or unresponsive to β-lactams
What organisms should empiric cellulitis therapy be directed against?
S. aureus and group A strep
What drug is best for Streptococcus pyogenes cellulitis?
penicillin
What drugs are best for MRSA cellulitis?
- Bactrim
- clindamycin (PO)
- vancomycin (IV)
What drugs are best for Gram (-) cellulitis?
- 3rd generation cephalosporins
- extended-spectrum penicillins
- fluoroquinolones
What drugs are best for polymicrobial cellulitis?
Zosyn or carbapenems
What is the minimum duration of therapy for cellulitis treatment?
5 days
What are the recommended drugs for mild/moderate cellulitis with no MRSA suspected (adults and children)?
- dicloxacillin
- cephalexin
What are the recommended drugs for mild/moderate cellulitis with MRSA suspected (adults and children)?
- Bactrim
- clindamycin
- linezolid
What are the recommended drugs for moderate-severe cellulitis with no MRSA suspected (adults and children)?
- nafcillin
- cefazolin
What are the recommended drugs for moderate-severe cellulitis with MRSA suspected (adults and children)?
- vancomycin
- linezolid
What organism is the main offender in necrotizing fasciitis?
S. pyogenes (same as cellulitis, but it’s toxin-producing)
What is the primary treatment modality for necrotizing fasciitis?
surgery
What is the recommended antibiotic regimen for necrotizing fasciitis?
- vancomycin + Zosyn OR
- meropenem + clindamycin
True or false: all diabetic foot wounds are infected.
false
What antibiotics would be appropriate for mild DFI?
- cephalexin
- dicloxacillin
- Augmentin
What antibiotics would be appropriate for mild DFI with suspected MRSA?
- clindamycin
- Bactrim
What antibiotics would be appropriate for moderate DFA?
- cefazolin IV (or vancomycin if MRSA risk factors)
- ceftriaxone IV if suspected Enterobacteriaceae
- Flagyl PO if suspected anaerobes
What antibiotics would be appropriate for severe DFI?
- vancomycin + Zosyn
- meropenem
- ceftazidime or cefepime with PO Flagyl
- levofloxacin/ciprofloxacin + PO Flagyl
What is the recommended duration of therapy for mild DFI?
1-2 weeks (up to 4)
What is the recommended duration of treatment for moderate DFI?
1-3 weeks
What is the recommended duration of treatment for severe DFI?
2-4 weeks
