Skin Signs of Systemic Disease Flashcards
What neurological diseases are associated with seborrheic dermatitis?
- Parkinson’s Disease 2. Head trauma 3. HIV (New onset severe) 4. Cerebral palsy
What neurological disease is associated with neurofibromas?
Neurofibromatosis
What neurological disease is associated with angiofibromas?
Tuberous sclerosis complex
A patient comes in with acanthosis nigricans, yellow skin, brown patches on lower legs and foot ulcers (mal perforans). What do you suspect this person is suffering from?
Diabetes
Hyperthyroidism is associated with what skin findings?
Smooth, warm, moist skin. Pretibial myxedema
A patient comes in with dry skin, brittle nails, sparce hair, delayed wound healing, puffy madarosis (loss of lateral 3rd of eyebrow). What endocrinological disorder should you associate with these symptoms?
Hypothyroidism
Addison’s disease has what associated skin finding?
Increased pigmentation including diffusely on skin, especially on palmer creases
A patient comes in with round face, moon facies, “buffalo hump”, increased fat in arms, legs and waistline, skin thinning, increased ecchymosis and purpura, striae, and delayed wound healing. What is your diagnosis?
Cushing’s Syndrome
A patient comes in with increased joint and skin elasticity, poor wound healing with large scars and increased ecchymoses? What disease does this patient most likely have? What other symptoms would you worry about?
Ehlers-Danlos -Some types at risk for aortic and valve disease
PHACES syndrome is associated with aortic coarctation, atrial and ventricular septal defects and abnormal cervical and vertebral arteries. What dermatologic symptoms is also found with this disorder?
Large hemangioma of face and neck
You’ve been seen John, a Marfan’s patient, for 2 years in you family practice clinic. He is at risk of dilation and dissection of the ascending aorta, mitral valve prolapse and regurgitation. What dermatological findings does you patient most likely have?
Decreased subcutaneous fat
Sarcoidosis has what associated skin findings?
Hyperpigmented plaques, erosive and ulcerated plaques, granulomatous reactions in tattoos
Scleroderma has what skin findings?
Thickened skin over fingers and hands, skin tightening around mouth, Raynaud’s
Tuberculosis has what skin findings?
Scrofuloderma on neck Lupus vulgaris Tuberculoid reactions Cutaneous TB lesions when disseminated
Viral hepatitis B and C leads to what skin findings?
Lichen planus
Vasculitis
Cryoglobulinemia
Polyarteritis nodosa
Porphyria cutanea tarda
Prurius
What causes blistering lessions on hands with sun exposure, hypertrichosis and trophic scars with milia?
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
Name three gastrointestinal related genetic disorders that result in skin involvment.
- Gardner’s Syndrome
- Muir-Torre Syndrome
- Peutz-Jeghers
What genetic condition results in 100% cancer risk, multiple epidermoid cysts in almost all, desmoid tumors, fibromas, lipomas, osteomas of mandible/maxilla, impacted teeth, supernumerary teeth, dental cysts, and early tooth loss?
Gardner’s Syndrome
What genetic condition results in polups, GI/breast/uterine/laryngeal cancer, NHL, sebaceous neoplasms on the skin and multiple keratoacanthoma type of squamous cell carcinoma?
Muir-Torre Syndrome
What genetic condition results in polyps, GI bleed and intussusception, testicular/breast/ovary/pancreatic/gallbladder cancer risk, shows freckling around mouth, on lips and mucosa from young age?
Peutz-Jeghers
What disorder results in punched out ulcers that can rapidly enlarge, is associated with inflammatory bowel disease, and can present with internal lesions on organs?
Pyoderma Gangrenosum
What disorder reults in this? Should you debride?
Pyoderma gangrenosum
NOOOOOOO NEVVVVVVEEEEERRRRRR!
Vitamin A deficiency leads to….
phrynoderma or toad skin, diffuse xerosis and xerophthalmia, Bitot’s spots, increase mortality with measles
Vitamin K results in….
Bruising, purpura, increased bleeding
B1/Thiamine deficiency leads to…
Beri Beri, glossitis, glossodynia, edema
B3/Niacin deficiency leads to….
Pellagra
Dermatitis
Diarrhea
Dementia
B6/Pyridoxine deficiency leads to…
Glossitis with ulcerations
Seborrheic dermatitis
Cheilitis
B12/Cyanocobalamin deficiency leads to…
Atrophic red tongue
Hyperpigmentation
Hair loss
Graying of Hair
Vitiligo like changes
Vitamin C deficiency leads to…
Corkscrew hairs
Gingival bleeding
perifollicular bleeding/petechiae
Increased hemorrhage
Pseudoparalysis
Zinc deficiency leads to….
Erythema and peeling around mouth, anus/groin and hands and feet
Hair loss
Pustules or bleeding lesions around nails
Blepharitis
Stomatitis and glossitis
Iron deficiency leads to…
koilonychia
Hair loss
angular cheilitis
What is marasmus?
Disorder due to lacking of protein and calories >>>
dry, loose, wrinkled skin
What leads to kwashiorkor?
A lack of just proteins>>Potbelly, loss of color in hair to red or grey and flag sign in hair
A hippie chick is eating a crap ton of vegetables and no meat. She’s turning orange, it’s hilarious. What does she have?
Carotenemia
What causes dermatitis herpetiformis?
Gluten sensitivity- skin shows extremely pruritic, pinpoint vesicles on extensor elbows, knees and sacrum
Where does Henoch-Schonlein Purpura commonly present?
What system is asssociated with Henoch-Schonlein Purpura?
Vasculitic lesions on legs that extend to buttock classically
Renal complication of glomerulonephritis
4 out of the 11 creiteria for lupus are diagnosed through the skin exam. What are they?
Malar rash
Discoid rash
Oral ulcers
Photosensitivity
Neonatal lupus presents with
erythematous annular lesions
THESE BABIES HAVE HEART BLOCKS 50% OF THE TIME
CREST- painful calcium filled lesions in fingers is associated with what rheumatological disorder?
Scleroderma
What are the skin findings of someone with dermatomyositis?
Skin findings include:
purple
Heliptrope rash on eyelids
Shawl sign on upper torso
Erythema/dryness/fissuring or palms
Cuticle changes
Erythema on dorsal hands over joint (Gottron’s papules)
Why is it important to make a quick diagnosis of dermatomyositis?
Because it is associated with pulmonary fibrosis and genitourinary cancer
Acantosis nigricans with tripe palms, paraneoplastic pemphigus, and erythema gyratum repens (wood grain rash on torso) are all signs of what underlying disorder?
Paraneoplastic syndrome (Think GI malignancy)
What is telogen effluvium?
Rapid hair loss
Ear creases can indicate what risk?
Cardiovascular risk
