SKin rec

Question 1

Hildebrand, vet surg 2023
Buccal transposition flap for closure of maxillary lip defects in 5 dogs

-what blood vessels perfused the flap?

Answer 1

-angularis oris and superior labial

Question 2

Quinlan, vet surg 2021
The use of near infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green for vascular visualisation in caudal auricular flaps in 2 cats

-what was the effect of ICG?

Answer 2

-flap margins changed in one case

Question 3

Canever et al. vet surg 2022
Evaluation of the superior and inferior labial musculomucosal flaps in cats: An angiographic study and case series

-in which layer was the vascular supply for the flaps?

Answer 3

-musculomucosal layer

Question 4

Pavletic, vet surg 2021
Full-thickness labial flaps to reconstruct facial defects in four dogs

-what type of flap is this?
a) composite advancement flap
b) composite rotational flap
c) composite transposition flap
d) composite interposition flap
e) composite axial pattern flap

Answer 4

-composite transposition flap.

Question 5

Repellin vet surg 2021
The effects of a proprietary Manuka honey and essential oil hydrogel on the healing of acute full-thickness wounds in dogs

-what was the effect of honey/hydrogel combination?

Answer 5

Epithelialisation slightly improved at days 16-21.
No difference in wound contraction and histological scores.

Question 6

Andries, vet surg 2020
Identification of cutaneous arteries of the perineal and caudal thigh region: A cadaveric study in 12 cats

a) where did the dorsal perineal artery arise from?
b) where is the base of the flap?
c) where was the angiosome for the ventral perineal artery?

Answer 6

a) ischiorectal fossa, between biceps femoris and semitendonosus, passing towards popliteal fossa (caudal thigh)
b) ischiorectal fossa
c) caudomedial thigh

Question 7

Nakahara, vet surg 2020
Hard palate defect repair by using haired angularis oris axial pattern flaps in dogs

-how far rostrally can the flap extend?

Answer 7

maxillary canine

Question 8

Hamil, vet surg 2020
Pretreatment aerobic bacterial swab cultures to predict infection in acute open traumatic wounds: a prospective clinical study of 64 dogs

-what effect did lavage have on bacteria cultured?
-what percentage of cases developed infection?
-what was the relationship between positive culture and development of infection?

Answer 8

-fewer bacteria post lavage
-Infection diagnosed in 22%
-no predictive value

Question 9

Lopez vet surg 2020
Effect of subcutaneous closure technique on incisional complications and postoperative pain in cats undergoing midline celiotomy: A randomized, blinded, controlled trial
-what technique was performed?
-what was the effect of quilting?
-which cats were more uncomfortable?

Answer 9

-quilting, every third stitch
-reduced risk of seroma
-cats without subcutaneous sutures were more uncomfortable.

Question 10

Dannemille, vet surg 2020
In vitro evaluation and in vivo use of a novel surgical stent to minimize suture pressure necrosis
-which material stents were most eeffective?

Answer 10

silicone stents were more effective than traditional

Question 11

Dent, vet surg 2019
Use of a temporalis fascia transposition flap for ventral orbital stabilisation after ventral orbitectomy in a dog
-short flap used to support the eye

Answer 11

it happened

Question 12

Massari vet surg 2019
Lip-to-nose flap for reconstruction of the nasal planum after curative intent excision of squamous cell carcinoma in cats: Description of technique and outcome in seven cases
-what was the most common complication encountered?

Answer 12

-oedema (6/7), then partial flap necrosis (3/7)

Question 13

Regier, vet surg 2019
Ex vivo comparison of intradermal closures with conventional monofilament suture vs unidirectional barbed suture in dogs
-what was the effect of suture type?

Answer 13

monofilament were stronger, barbed had a more watertight seal.

Question 14

Forster, JSAP 2022
Outcome of caudal superficial epigastric axial pattern flaps in dogs and cats
-% complications in dogs?
-% complications in cats?
-what % of dogs and cats had good outcome?
-rate of dehiscence and flap necrosis in dogs?

Answer 14

-67% complications DOGS (58% minor, 9% major)
-53% complications CATS (47% minor, 5% major)
-77% dogs, 79% cats.
-31% dehiscence, 29% flap necrosis.

Question 15

Villedieu, JSAP 2022
Outcome of superficial brachial axial pattern flaps used to close skin defects in dogs
-what % dogs had complications?
-what was the most common complication and what %?
-% partial necrosis?
-% complete flap necrosis?
-% requiring revision surgery?

Answer 15

-100% complications
-44% partial dehiscence
-38% partial necrosis
-13% complete necrosis
-19% required revision surgery

Question 16

De La Puerta, JSAP 2021
Superficial temporal axial pattern flap for facial reconstruction of skin defects in dogs and cats
-% of cases with 100% flap survival?
-complication rate?
- what % had full thickness flap necrosis?

Answer 16

-89% complete flap survival
-42% complication
-1/19 (5.2%)

Question 17

Crowley JSAP 2020
Seed skin grafts for reconstruction of distal limb defects in 15 dogs
-what complication was encountered in 2 dogs?

Answer 17

-epidermal inclusion cyst

Question 18

Emmerson, JSAP 2019
Genicular artery axial pattern flap for reconstruction of skin defects in 22 dogs
-where were the defects?
-what was average flap survival?
-what % of cases required further surgery ?
-how many dogs developed distal flap necrosis?

Answer 18

-cranial and lateral crus
-99% flap survival
-13.6% (3/22) neede further surgery
-2 dogs distal flap necrosis

Question 19

Proot, JSAP 2019
Is the caudal auricular axial pattern flap robust? A multi-centre cohort study of 16 dogs and 12 cats
-what was flap length to width ratio?
-what % cases had optimal wound healing
-What % cases had wound dehiscence with flap necrosis?
-What % cases required revision surgery

Answer 19

-3:1
-31% dogs and 50% cats
-Wound dehiscence & flap necrosis 63% dogs and 42% cats.
-Revision surgery in 50% dogs and 25% cats

Question 20

What is the Pappineau technique?

Answer 20

excision of infected/necrotic tissue, placement of autogenous cancellous bone graft within the wound, delayed skin closure

Question 21

Tinsley, JSAP 2023
Animal Trauma Triage Score, Modified Glasgow Coma Scale, age, and weight were associated with outcome in feline bite wounds (1,065 cases): a VetCOT registry study
-survival to discharge?
-effect of surgery on odds of dying?
-risk factors for non-survival?

Answer 21

-82% survival to discharge
-surgery decreased odds of dying by 84%
-risk factors for non survival: increasing age, increasing bodyweight, lower MGCS, higher ATT score

Question 22

Bonaventura, JAVMA 2021
Comparison of outcomes for single-session and delayed full-thickness applications of meshed skin grafts used to close skin defects after excision of tumors on the distal aspects of the limbs in dogs
-what percentage single session and staged grafts were
successful?
-What was different between groups?
-complication rate between groups?

Answer 22

“90% single-session and 82% staged skin grafts were successful.

Time to complete healing was significantly longer after staged procedures.

Percentage graft survival, outcome and complication rate did not differ between groups.

43 (single session)-64% (staged) complication rate - all minor.

Question 23

Logothetou, vet surg 2024
Complications and influence of cutaneous closure technique on subdermal plexus flaps in 97 dogs (2006–2022)
-what was the complication rate?
-what mode of closure had a higher complication rate?
-which flap locations had lower incidience of complicatinos
-which flap type had lower rate of complication?
-multivariable analysis, which factor was associated with increased incidence of complications?
-what was main complication?

Answer 23

-Complication rates: total 53.6%
-No statistical significant difference, but 13/18 skins staples (72.2%) versus 39/79 skin sutures (49.3%).
-Location on the head and use of advancement flap associated with lower incidence of complications
-Location proximal pelvic limb was associated with reduced complications (univariable analysis only)
-On multivariable analysis, increased BW
-main complication was dehiscence

Question 24

Gaudio, JSAP 2024
Short-term otucome and complications following cutaneous reconstruction using cranial superficial epigastric axial pattern flaps in dogs: six cases (2008-2022)
-complication rate?
-excelelnt outcome?
-how many required reviison sx?
-where was base of flap?

Answer 24

-50% complications
-50%, 34% good, 17% fair
-1/6
-3rd gland, included 3+4

Question 25

Naghi, JAVMA 2023
Acellular fish skin may be used to facilitate wound healing following wide surgical tumor excision in dogs: a prospective case series
-what was the median number of fish skin applications?
-how long to complete epithelialisation for uncomplicated wounds?
-how often were bandages changed?

Answer 25

-5
-7-9 weeks for uncomplicated wounds
[12-15 for complicated wounds - that sustained self trauma]
-weekly bandage changes, with repeat graft application once previous graft was fully integrated.