Skin dis ting

Question 1

Cherzan, vet surg 2023
Factors affecting prognosis in canine subcutaneous mast cell tumors: 45 cases

-what was local recurrence rate?
-what % dogs developed LN mets?
-what was median DFI for dogs that developed LN metastases?
-MST for LN mets?
-what was the MST for dogs with infiltrative tumours versus those tht were not?

Answer 1

-local recurrence 17.8%
-LN mets 26%
-194 days DFI for LN mets
-551 days MST for LN mets
-MST for infiltrative was 268d, compared to 1861 days.

Question 2

Alvarez Sanchez vet surg 2023
Comparison of indirect computed tomographic lymphography and near-infrared fluorescence sentinel lymph node mapping for integumentary canine mast cell tumors
-what % complete agreement between indirect CT lymphography and near infrared fluorescence sentinel LN mapping?
-what was metastatic LN rate?

Answer 2

-40% complete, 40% partial, 20% none agreement.
-95% metastatic lymph nodes (95% cases were grade II).

Question 3

DornBusch vet surg 2021
Diagnostic accuracy of optical coherence tomography for assessing surgical margins of canine soft itssue sarcomas in observers of difference specialities
-What was the sensitivity and specificity of OCT in vivo?
-what was the effect of specialty and experience?
-what was in vivo accuracy?

Answer 3

-88% sensitivity 93% specificity
-no effect of user experience or specialty
-in vivo accuracy 91%

Question 4

Karbe, vet surg 2021
Evaluation of scar revision after inadequate primary excision of cutaneous mast cell tumors in 85 dogs (2000–2013)
-what % scars had residual MCT cells?
-what was local recurrence rate following scar excision?

Answer 4

-27% residual MCT in scar
-4% local recurrence rate post scar excision

Margin status and presence of MCT in the resected scar were not associated with local recurrence or disease progression. Lymph node metastasis (p = .004), locoregional recurrence (p = .013), and disease progression (p = .001) were significantly more likely in Grade III tumors.

Question 5

Lapsley vet surg 2021
Influence of locoregional lymph node aspiration cytology vs sentinel lymph node mapping and biopsy on disease stage assignment in dogs with integumentary mast cell tumors

-in what % of dogs did sentinel lymph node differ from locoregional lymph node?
-what % of lymph nodes were metastatic on histopathology from SLN and LRLN?
-what % changed stage and adjunctive treatment?

Answer 5

-27% sentinel lymph node differed anatomically from locoregional lymph node.

-SLN mets in 9/20 (45%), compared to 1/20 LRLN (5%).

-8/20 tumours, the findings changed treatment (40%)

sentinel lymph node mapping should be considered standard of care

Question 6

Haine, vet surg 2022
Incomplete histological margins following planned narrow excision of canine appendicular soft tissue sarcomas and mast cell tumours, using the residual tumour classification scheme
-what margin was recommended for planned narrow excision of mast cell tumours?
-what about soft tissue sarcoma?

Answer 6

-fewer R1 margins (incomplete margins) encountered with MCT with 6-10mm margin compared to 0-5mm.
-no difference between 0-5 and 6-10mm for R1 margins with soft tissue sarcomas.

Question 7

Cunningham vet surg 2020
Determination of the lateral extent of the subcutaneous wound bed in canine cadavers after closure of skin defects to replicate tumor excision
-what was the relationship between the subcutaneous wound bed and recommended revision surgery margins?

Answer 7

-in some cases the lateral margin extended 2-3cm beyond the recommended revision margin

Question 8

Milovancev, vet surg 2020
Long-term outcomes of dogs undergoing surgical resection of mast cell tumors and soft tissue sarcomas: A prospective 2-year-long study
-what was the recurrence and metastatic rate for low grade MCT?
-what % had margins <1mm

Answer 8

-low grade MCT, 4% recurrence, 6% metastases
-40%

Question 9

Angelou, JSAP 2020
Complete surgical excision versus Penrose drainage for the treatment of elbow hygroma in 19 dogs
-what treatment had fewer complications?

Answer 9

complete excision.
penrose had 33% recurrence rate, 1 being ulcerated treated with thoracodorsal flap

Question 10

Rigas, JSAP 2020
Mast cell tumours in dogs less than 12 months of age: a multi-institutional retrospective study
-what percentage of cases had metastastic lymph nodes?
-what percentage of patients were alive at follow-up (1115 days)?

Answer 10

-4/12 (33%)
-100% alive - suggests prognosis may be better than in adults.

[small group -grade II/III mix, varied treatment protocols

Question 11

Zajc, JFMS 2022
Non-injection-site soft tissue sarcoma in cats: outcome following adjuvant radiotherapy
-what was recurrence rate following adjuvant radiotherapy?
-what was median overall progression free interval?
-what was median progression free interval for cats with recurrence?

Answer 11

-44%
-2748 days
-164 days

Question 12

De Melo, JFMS 2021
Effectiveness of ovariohysterectomy on feline mammary fibroepithelial hyperplasia treatment
-which group of cats took longer to achieve remission?
-what percentage of cats achieved remission?
-what additional treatment was recommended if OVH failed to achieve resolution?

Answer 12

-cats that had undergone previous treatment with injectable progestin took longer to achieve remission than those that did not. they also had…
-persistence of more mammary tissue post OVH
-tendency towards higher mortality

-92% achieved remission

Paper suggests OVH is a good option, and pre-treatment with injectable progestin makes it harder to resolve. treatment with antiprogestin recommended after neutering is persistent mammary tissue.

Question 13

Bloch JFMS 2020
Treatment of feline injection-site sarcoma with surgery and iridium-192 brachytherapy: retrospective evaluation of 22 cats

-what percentage of cases were tumour free at 1 year?
-at 2 years?
-what was the median time to progression?

Answer 13

63% at 1 years
41% at 2 years
619 days

[brachytherapy was well tolerated and comparable to other adjuvant therapies]

Question 14

Cockburn, JAVMA 2022
Marginal excision of cutaneous mast cell tumors in dogs was not associated with a higher rate of complications or prolonged wound healing than marginal excision of soft tissue sarcomas
-what factor was associated with development of complications and delayed wound healing?

Answer 14

-use of a subdermal plexus flap

Question 15

Iodence, JAVMA 2022
Dogs undergoing surgical excision of mast cell tumors are not at increased risk of incisional complications
-what factor was associated with increased odds of complications in both groups?

Answer 15

-post-operative chemotherapy
[suggest chemo delayed for first 30 days on basis of these results]

Question 16

Evans JAVMA 2021
Factors influencing complications following mastectomy procedures in dogs with mammary gland tumors
-what was the overall complication rate?
-What factors were associated with increased odds of complications?

Answer 16

-17%
-High body weight, bilateral mastectomy and post-op antimicrobials

Question 17

Villedieu, JAVMA 2021
Prevalence of pulmonary nodules suggestive of metastasis at presentation in dogs with cutaneous or subcutaneous soft tissue sarcoma
-what was the rate of pulmonary metastases?
-what increased the odds of pulmonary metastasis?

Answer 17

-12%
-grade III STS or STS present > 3 months

Question 18

Baron, JAVMA 2020
Progressive cutaneous angiomatosis in the metatarsal region of a cat
-what were the prsenting signs?
-what was the treatment performed?

Answer 18

-swelling plantar paw, bleeding intermittentl
-surgical resection of the skin and anomalous vessels resulted in recurrence and ultimately had amputation

Question 19

Crownshaw JAVMA 2020
Evaluation of variables associated with outcomes in 41 dogs with incompletely excised high-grade soft tissue sarcomas treated with definitive-intent radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy
-what % had local recurrence?
-what % had metastases?
-what was the MST?

Answer 19

-20% recurrence
-24% metastases
-981 days

Question 20

Gagnon JAVMA 2020
Stereotactic body radiation therapy for treatment of soft tissue sarcomas in 35 dogs
-what were positive prognostic factors?
-What was MST?

Answer 20

-Low histologic grade and extremity locations of STSs were positive prognostic factors for patient survival times
-MST 713d

Question 21

M. Griffin JAVMA 2023
Grade shifts in recurrent canine soft tissue sarcomas and mast cell tumors
-what % of recurrent STS had grade shift?
- what was the % with variability between tumour grade in original report and pathologist review for STS?
-and for MCT?

Answer 21

-46% recurrent STS had grade shift
-43% STS grade variability
-0% for MCT

Question 22

T. Erickson JAVMA 2023
Single high-dose radiation therapy and liquid fiducial markers can be used in dogs with incompletely resected soft tissue sarcomas
-what was the mean time between surgery and radiation?
-what % dogs had acute radiation toxicity?
-what % had delayed radiation toxicity?
-what was mean OST?
what % recurrence? at what time?

Answer 22

-36 days
-80%
-36%
-1556 days
-24% recurrence at 272 days

[summary - single high dose radiation and liquid fiducial marker, similar Overall Survival Time to other protocols, was for grd II /III STS]

Question 23

Murphy, JAVMA 2023
Incidentally diagnosed mammary gland tumors are less likely to be malignant than nonincidental mammary gland tumors

-in dogs with incidentally diagnosed mammary tumours, what % were malignant?
-In non-incidental mammary tumours, what % were malignant?
-what other factors were liniked to malignancy?

Answer 23

-7% incidental
-30% non-incidental
-increasing bodyweight, increasing tumour size

Question 24

Feng, JAVMA 2023
Conventionally fractionated radiation therapy is associated with long-term survival in dogs with infiltrative lipomas
-what was the estimated median survival time after completion of radiotherapy?
-what radiation dose was used?

Answer 24

-4.8 years
-Dogs received 45 to 51 Gray (Gy) in 15 to 20 daily fractions, with 71% of dogs receiving 48 Gy in daily 3-Gy fractions.