Skin Physiology Flashcards
What is the lipid barrier?
Layer of fat and oils, is located on the stratum corneum, which is the outermost layer of the epidermis, the top layer of the skin.
what does the lipid barrier do?
Prevents excessive water loss and protects against external substances from penetrating the skin.
what is the acid mantle?
The acid mantle is a very thin film that covers the entire surface of human skin
can you describe the acid mantle?
it measure the skins PH, how acidic or alkaline it is
what is a healthy PH for the skin?
between 4.5-5.5, which is slightly acidic. This is why the skin is compatable with acids
what is the microbiome?
millions of bacteria, fungi and viruses that live on the surface of the skin
what is moisture loss?
where moisture evaporates due to a compromised skin barrier or lack of natural ceramides.
what causes moisture loss?
Causes can include:
- cleansing or stipping the skin, dry skin types,
- lack of water
- enviroment
how long do our skin cells live for?
cells are microscopic to the naked eye, and live for 3-4 weeks.
what are keratinocytes?
The most dominant cell type found in the epidermis, that play multiple roles essential for skin repair
what is a fibroblast?
the most common type of cell found in connective tissue
what is the role of a fibroblast?
secete collagen and elastin proteins that are used to maintain the structure of the skin. the play an important role in healing wounds
what is a Melanocyte?
Melanin-producing cells found prodominantly in the epidemis
What is a free-radical?
an unstable atom that weakens healthy cells
what are examples of free radicals?
- pollutants
- smoke (including cigarette smoke) - UVB rays from the sun
- alcohol
how do free radicals damage the skin?
cause oxidative stress within the skin cells
what can we use to prevent free radical damage?
incorporate antioxidants in your skincare routine, as they off-set the damage caused by free radiacals.
what are key ingredients that contain antioxidants?
- green tea & cabe (vitamins c, a, b, e)
- vitamin c
- vitamin a (retinol)
- vitamin E
- vitamin b (niacinimide)
what is oxidative stress?
An increased amount of the free radicals, exceeding the antioxidant defense system capacity, that in turn attacks healthy cells
what damage can occur as a result of oxidative stress?
- dull skin
- skin disorders
- accelerate ageing
