Key ingredients Flashcards

1
Q

what is hyaluronic acid?

A

is a natural substance that helps keep skin hydrated, biocompatible as it is naturally produced by us

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2
Q

what does hyaluronic acid do?

A

holds 1000x its weight in water, boots skin moisture content leaving the skin plump and hydrated

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3
Q

who is hyaluronic acid used for?

A

suitable for all skin types

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4
Q

how often can you use hyaluronic acid?

A

twice a day

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5
Q

what are some products that contain hyaluronic acid?

A

perricone firming eye cream, dr dennis marine hydration booster, summer fridays cloud dew cream

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6
Q

what does vitamin c do?

A

defends against free radical damage, brightens, strengthens collagen production, treats pigmentation due to sun damage, and smooths the skins texture

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7
Q

who is vitamin c suitable for?

A

suitable for all skin types, especially those wanting a brighter hydrated and even complexion

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8
Q

How often can you use vitamin c?

A

use once a day in the morning to combat environmental stressors and free radicals

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9
Q

what are some products that contain vitamin c?

A

Sunday riley, ceo serum, dr dennis c-collagen deep cream, perricone vitamin c ester ccc + ferulic serum, drunk elephant C tango eye cream

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10
Q

what does vitamin E do?

A

recharges other antioxidants used and enhances their results, with anti-ageing benefits, it moisturisers, soothes and rejuvenates the skin

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11
Q

how often can you use vitamin E?

A

use twice a day morning and night

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12
Q

what are some products that contain vitamin E?

A

Mailin & goetz vitamin e moisturiser, dr barbara sturm eye cream

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13
Q

what is retinol?

A

a potent derivative of vitamin A, a cell-communicating ingredient and antioxidant

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14
Q

what does retinol do?

A

instructs damaged skin cells to make healthier cells and counteract the activity of enzymes that degrade collagen and elastin

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15
Q

how does retinol improve the skin?

A

enhance skin radiance and visibly improve the look of fine lines, wrinkles, acne, oiliness and rosacea, improvement in tone, texture and structure

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16
Q

what protection needs to be used when using a retinol?

A

spf in the morning to defend against sun damage

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17
Q

how often can you use retinol?

A

When starting to use retinol, begin with a couple times a week, gradually increasing frequency as your skin adapts, ideally working up to every other night or nightly application depending on your skin’s tolerance

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18
Q

what are some products that contain retinol?

A

Verso super facial serum, glow recipe retinol serum, dr dennis retinol + ferulic eye cream

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19
Q

what is niacinimide?

A

a derivative of vitamin B

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20
Q

what does niacinimide do?

A
  • helps your skin act like younger, healthier cells by boosting the production of important skin components like fatty acids, ceramides, and fibroblasts
  • stimulates blood flow in the skin, reduces the appearance of pigmentation, and prevents moisture loss.
  • helps protect the enzymes that provide energy for your skin cells and support healthy lipids
  • It defends against damage from free radicals and encourages collagen production, keeping your skin firm and youthful
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21
Q

what skin concerns can niacinimide treat?

A

acne, hyperpigmentation, reduced skin elasticity and redness

22
Q

what are some products that contain niacinimide?

A

Drunk elephant B hydra serum, Dr dennis dewy deep cream, perricone High Potency Hydrating Serum

23
Q

what are ceramides?

A

ceramides are naturally occurring fatty acids that help to repair and strengthen the skin’s natural barrier system

24
Q

what do ceramides do?

A

improves skin texture and helps to keep it hydrated and soft, improves the appearance of stressed, sensitive, scaly, rough, dry, aged, or sun-damaged skin

25
who can use ceramides?
all skin types
26
what are some products that contain ceramides?
glow recipe ceramide recovery serum, sunday riley ice ceramide cream, ceramighty eye cream drunk elephant
27
what are peptides?
cell-communicating compounds formed by chains of linked amino acids
28
what do peptides do?
communicate with surrounding cells and help activate collagen production and tissue repair
29
how do peptides improve the skin?
improve skin elasticity, softening of fine lines and wrinkles and reduction in inflammation
30
who benefits from peptides
mature or ageing skin, or those wanting to build firmness and elasticity
31
what products contain peptides?
go-to much plumper skin, drunk elephant protini moisturiser, allies Peptides & Antioxidants Daily Treatment, glow recipe Pomegranate Peptide Serum
32
what does AHA stand for?
Alpha Hydroxy Acids
33
what is an AHA?
water-soluble acids made from sugary fruits
34
what does an AHA do?
smoothes texture by gently exfoliating the surface of the skin so that new skin can generate
35
what are the different types of AHA's?
glycolic, lactic and mandelic
36
how are glycolic and lactic acid different?
glycolic is a smaller molecular structure, making it best for rapid and intense exfoliation. Lactic is a larger molecular structure, making it best for gentle exfoliation
37
what are some products that contain AHA's?
sunday riley good genes (lactic), go-to swipes (lactic), keihls glycolic serum, mailin & Goetz glycolic pads
38
what does BHA stand for?
Beta Hydroxy Acids
39
what is a BHA?
BHA are oil-soluble acids that reach deeper into the skin though the pore-clogging oil and sebum
40
what does a BHA do?
dissolves the bond that holds dead skin cells together and penetrates through the lipid barrier to the pore lining to exfoliate and unclog the pore
41
what type of acid is a BHA?
Salicylic acid
42
what are some products that contain BHA's?
Dr dennis alpha beta cleansing gel, sunday riley UFO oil, go-to clarifying toner
43
what is an enzyme?
proteins that break down dead skin cells
44
where do enzymes come from?
derived from fruits and vegetables such as papaya, pineapple, hyaluronic acid, and pumpkin
45
what does an enzyme do?
boost the activity of naturally occurring enzymes in our skin and break down bonds, polishing away dead skin cells. (think of little packmen that eat away on dead skin cells)
46
who are enzymes suitable for?
all skin types, but specifically more sensitive skin as enzymatic exfoliation is the gentlest form of exfoliation
47
what are some products that contain enyzmes?
tatcha rice polish, verso enzyme peel, susanne kaufman Enzyme Exfoliator
48
what do we mean by active ingredients?
active ingredients refer to specific ingredients that target skin concerns
49
what are examples of active ingredients?
retinol, vitamin c, lactic acid, salycilic acid
50
which ingredients should we avoid using in conjunction with one another?
avoid mixing all types of active ingredients on the same night
51
which step would you incorporate actives into?
Active work best in serums of treatment due to penetrative nature