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Phys Exam 1 > Skin Lesions (Quiz 1) > Flashcards

Skin Lesions (Quiz 1) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 flat non-palpable lesions?

A

Macules and patches

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2
Q

What are the 11 primary skin lesions?

A

1) macule
2) patch
3) papule
4) plaque
5) nodule
6) tumor
7) wheal
8) vesicle
9) bulla
10) pustule
11) cyst

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3
Q

Which primary skin lesion is < 1cm?

A

Macule

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4
Q

What are some examples of macules?

A

-freckles
-flat nevi (mole)
-petechia
-rashes from rubella or roseola

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5
Q

Which primary skin lesion is >1cm?

A

Patch

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6
Q

What are some examples of patches?

A

-vitiligo
-cafe au lait spots
-melasma (chloasma)
-pityriasis rosea

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7
Q

What are the 5 elevated palpable lesions?

A

1) papule
2) plaque
3) nodule
4) tumor
5) wheal (hives, urticaria)

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8
Q

Which primary skin lesion is < .5 cm?

A

Papule and vesicle

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9
Q

What are some examples of papule?

A

-moles
-insect bites
-acne
-skin tags

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10
Q

Which primary skin lesion is > .5cm?

A

Plaque and bulla

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11
Q

What are some examples of plaque?

A

-psoriasis
-pityriasis rosea
-xanthomas
-seborrheic and actinic keratosis

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12
Q

Which primary skin lesion is .5-1 or 2 cm?

A

Nodules

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13
Q

What are some examples of nodules?

A

-lipomas
-acne
-erythema nodosum: tender, red nodules on skin seen with diseases like IBD, cancer, infections

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14
Q

What primary skin lesion is >1-2cm?

A

Tumor

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15
Q

What is the benign skin tumor lesion called?

A

Neurofibromatosis

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16
Q

What are some examples of wheals/hive/urticaria?

A

Insect bites and allergic reactions

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17
Q

What are the 4 elevated fluid filled lesions?

A

1) vesicle
2) bulla
3) pustule
4) cyst

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18
Q

What are some examples of vesicles?

A

-chicken pox
-herpes simplex and herpes zoster
-contact dermatitis
-insect bites
-early impetigo

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19
Q

What fluid is found in vesicles and bulla?

A

serous fluid

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20
Q

What are some examples of bulla?

A

-blisters
-contact dermatitis
-impetigo

21
Q

What is a pustule?

A

-vesicle or bulla that is filled with pus due to infection
-septic with bacteria
-milky, yellow, or green color
-usually involve hair follicles or sweat glands

22
Q

What is the most common bacteria to cause pustules?

A

s. aureus

23
Q

What are some examples of pustules?

A

-acne
-impetigo
-folliculitis
-furuncle (boil)
-pustular psoriasis

24
Q

What are cysts?

A

-elevated, circumscribed, or encapsulated fluid filled primary lesion

25
Q

What are some examples of cysts?

A

-ganglion
-sebaceous
-pilonidal (found in sacral area with hair)
-pilar (wen)
-acne

26
Q

What are the 12 secondary lesions?

A

1) scales
2) keloids
3) lichenification
4) atrophy
5) excoriations
6) fissures
7) erosions
8) ulcers
9) crusts
10) pustules
11) sclerosis
12) hyperkeratosis

27
Q

Which secondary lesion is this?
-thin plates of dried cornified (keratin) epithelial tissue
-small or large
-oily or dry
-flaking

A

scales

28
Q

What are some examples of scales?

A

-dandruff
-psoriasis
-seborrheic dermatitis

29
Q

Which secondary lesion is this?
-enlarged scarring
-excess collagen deposition

A

keloids

30
Q

Which secondary lesion is this?
-rough and thickened epidermis (hyperplasia) from chronic irritation, rubbing, or itching
-skin appears dry with skin furrow lines

A

lichenification

31
Q

What is an example of lichenification?

A

atopic dermatitis (type 1 hypersensitivity reaction)

32
Q

Atopic dermatitis is what type of hypersensitivity reaction?

A

type 1

33
Q

Which secondary lesion is this?
-lack of blood flow/nutrition
-skin will appear thinner, paler, and may have fine lines or furrows
-common in distal extremities

test q

A

atrophy lesions

34
Q

What are some causes of atrophy?

A

-aging
-ischemia
-DM
-malnutrition
-discoid systemic lupus (on skin only)
-hormonal changes
-steroid injections
-actinic atrophy (light exposure)

35
Q

Which secondary lesion is this?
-scratches, abrasions, and loss of epidermis
-appears scaly and hollow

A

excoriations

36
Q

What are some causes of excoriations?

A

-scabies
-trauma
-chemicals
-irritations

37
Q

Which secondary lesion is this?
-cracks, slits, or breaks in epidermis and can go into dermis as well
-trauma to area so area thickens
-becomes dry and inelastic
-linear at any depth

A

fissures

38
Q

What are some causes of fissures?

test q

A

-athletes foot
-cheilosis/cheilitis (cracks on lips, can be from wind/cold)
-vit B and follate deficiencies

39
Q

Which secondary lesion is this?
-loss of part of epidermis only
-depressed, moist, rupture from vesicles/bulla
-ex: bed sores (decubitus ulcers)

A

erosions

40
Q

Which secondary lesion is this?
-deeper than fissures and excoriations
-loss of epidermis and DERMIS

A

ulcers

41
Q

What are some causes of ulcers on skin?

A

-trauma
-infections
-pressire on bony prominences
-burns
-static ulcers
-diabetic ulcers
-syphilis ulcers

42
Q

Which secondary lesion is this?
-dried fluid from blood, serous, or pus
-honey colored lesion

A

crust

43
Q

What are some causes of crust?

A

-impetigo
-scabies
-eczema
-cradle cap

44
Q

Which secondary lesion is this?
-infection forming an elevated lesion
-vesicles 1st usually
-caused by impetigo or acne

A

pustule

45
Q

Which secondary lesion is this?
-increased amounts of collagen and or calcium salts in the tissues
-usually from chronic inflammation

A

sclerosis

46
Q

What are some causes of sclerosis?

A

-keloids
-static dermatitis (results from poor circulation)
-systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

47
Q

Which secondary lesion is this?
-cells that form keratin don’‘t slough up and pile up leading to a thick skin
-ex: calluses, actinic and seborrheic keratosis

A

hyperkeratosis

48
Q

What are the 8 vascular lesions?

A

1) petechiae
2)

Phys Exam 1 (3 decks)

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