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Integumentary system > Skin Layers Plus Function > Flashcards

Skin Layers Plus Function Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the skin?

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis (fatty tissue, adipose, subcutaneous tissue)

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2
Q

How many layers in the epidermis?

A

5

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3
Q

What are the layers of the epidermis?

A 
Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum germinativum (basale)
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4
Q

What is the stratum germanitivum?

A

It’s alive
Connected with stratum spinosum both are basal layer
Mitosis happens
Has melanocytes

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5
Q

What it’s keratinization?

A

When the cells go up to the surface of the skin

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6
Q

What is desquamation?

A

When cells sloughs off

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7
Q

Stratum spinosum?

A

The stratum germanitivum and spinosum are connected together (basal layer)
Mitosis forms
And make melanocytes

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8
Q

Stratum granulosum?

A

Middle layer of epidermis
Cells are dead
80% dead

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9
Q

Stratum lucidum?

A

It’s a see through

Because we need some Vit D in our body

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10
Q

Stratum corneum?

A

It has 15 to 20 layers

Dead skin cells

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11
Q

How many melanocytes do we have?

A

15 thousand per sq ft

Melanocytes it’s our natural sunblock

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12
Q

How many days do our skin cells surface to skin?

A

28 days but the older we get the slower it keratinize

Baby it’s 3-4 days

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13
Q

How many layers in the dermis?

A

Two layers

Reticular and papillary layer

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14
Q

Papillary layer?

A

Upper layer of the dermis
30%
Contains more capillaries (touch heat cold )

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15
Q

Reticular layer?

A 
2nd layer of the dermis
70%
Composed of water
Nerve endings
Blood vessels 
Has fibroblast cells
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16
Q

Fibroblasts?

A

In the reticular layer of the dermis
1 is a fibrocyte
Produces collagen (70%) and elastin (30%) and gligcocinimoglycans which is a sugar molecule holding water to skin

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17
Q

How do fibroblast works?

A

After 25 we don’t produce any collagen or elastin

Once you hit menopause after 5 yrs we lose 30% collagen +elastin

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18
Q

What are floaters?

A

Floaters It’s collagen floating around

If we see them we need to decrease sugar and take antioxidants and vitamins

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19
Q

How can we trigger the fibroblast ?

A 
Anytime we do trauma to the skin we stimulate the fibroblast 
-microneddling
-microdermabrasion (aggressively)
Chemical peel (deep peel)
Last (dr does)
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20
Q

Macrophages?

A 
It's a leukocyte (white blood cells)
In the dermis
Devours foreign material such as bacteria to protect body
Thus removing dead debris
1st line of defense
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21
Q

Subcutaneous tissue other names ?

A

Hypodermis
Fatty tissue
Adipose

22
Q

What it’s a septae?

A

It’s a division connects the adipose (hypodermis) with the dermis

23
Q

What happens with the septae?

A

Over time it can stretch like a rubber band

When septae goes up we get cellulite

24
Q

What’s the diff between fat and cellulite ?

A

It’s location. When it’s up we get cellulite

25
Q

What are fat cells?

A

Fat cells store lipids
It has one nucleus in one side and the remainder is filled with lipid (glisterol, h20, CO2, toxins)
More numerous in the hypodermis

26
Q

What are the chromatatophores?

A

In the dermis

When the epidermis is heavily pigmented they obtain pigment from the melanocytes in the epidermis

27
Q

How do the chromatatophores get the pigment?

A

From the epidermis it goes down to the dermis and it’s hard to remove it produces very fast

You need a fading cream (hydrocortisone licorine extract )

28
Q

Why does septae break ?

A 
From menopause 
Illness
Genetic
Diet
Sugar
29
Q

What’s the responsibility of the skin?

A 
Protect 
Excretion of sweat
Secretion of oil
Contour
Storage of fats
Growth of appendages (hair nails sweat oil gland )
Heat regulation
30
Q

What it’s the acid mantle?

A 
It’s dead skin 
Oil and sweat gland make up acid mantle 
Oil
Water
Protects us against other pathogens
31
Q

How many glands in a follicle ?

A 
2 
Oil gland (release oil)
Sweat gland ( h20 minerals and electrolites )
32
Q

Ph of the skin?

A

4.5 to 6.5

33
Q

Acid?

A

0 1 23 it’s acid

34
Q

Alkaline ?

A 
10 11 12 more alkaline 
Dry flaky (soap water ?
35
Q

What does the oil gland do in the follicle ?

A

Oil goes up to surface of pore

36
Q

Sweat gland do? In the follicle ?

A

Releases water , electrolytes goes up surface of skin

37
Q

How many types of

Follicles ?

A

2
Apocrine
Eccrine

38
Q

Appocrine?

A

Hormones
When nervous
Emotional control
In the hair follicle

39
Q

Eccrine ?

A 
Another sweat pore 
If room gets hot 
Physical hot
Gives u goosebumps 
It pumps water after waxing
40
Q

What activates melanocytes ?

A

Sun
Trauma
Hormones

41
Q

Where are the melanocytes present?

A

Basal layer

The gernanitivum and spinosum it’s the basal layer

42
Q

Fitz 1 2 and 3. What type of spf ?

A

SPF 30

43
Q

Fitz 4 5 6? What type of spf?

A

Spf 15 bcuz u could handle more sun

Don’t burn that much

44
Q

What are cytokines ?

A

Messengers communicates cells tells cells what to do

45
Q

Epidermis is more oil loving or water loving ?

A

Oil loving

46
Q

Is dermis more oil loving or water loving ?

A

Water loving

47
Q

Does hyaloronic acid penetrate deep?

A

No because epidermis is more oil loving

Oil and water don’t mix
We need to use hyaloronic in a liposome

48
Q

How does the filler work?

A

Filler goes inside the dermis
It has hyaloronic acid
To go down to the dermis

49
Q

How do we put product into the dermis?

A

Ultrasound

Galvanic

50
Q

How does the spf work ?

A

Ex spf 30

              15 mins u burn  Apply spf 30
        = 450 mins after u apply sunblock
51
Q

Melanogemesis ?

A

Sun shines on skin
Free radicals -oxygen loses electron
Cytokines melanin stimulates hormone
Binds to tyrosinase ???

Integumentary system (3 decks)

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