Skin Infections Flashcards by Wasim Silmi

X% of UK GP appointments are skin related and Y% of these are due to skin infections

15%

25%

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Staph aureus is gram +ve/-ve?

+ve

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TREPONEMA PALLIDUM is gram +ve/-ve?

-ve

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What are 7 common skin infections?

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
TREPONEMA PALLIDUM
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUSES TYPES 1 AND 2
VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS
TRICHOPHYTUM
CANDIDA INTERTRIGO
SCABIES

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where is staph aureus usually colonised?

in the nose, axillae and groins

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What is impetigo

Infection of subcorneal layer of epidermis

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What is folliculitis

Infection of mouth of hair follicle

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What is ecythema

Infection of full thickness of epidermis

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What is a boil

Abscess of hair follicle

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What is a carbuncle

Abscess of several adjacent hair follicles

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Abscess of several adjacent hair follicles is known as a….

Carbuncle

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Abscess of hair follicle is known as a….

Boil

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Infection of full thickness of epidermis is known as….

Ecythema

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Infection of mouth of hair follicle is known as….

folliculitis

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Infection of subcorneal layer of epidermis is known as….

Impetigo

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Through toxin production what can staph A cause and what is its virulence factor (4)

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin effecting skin, works on desmoglein)
Toxic shock syndrome (toxic shock syndrome toxin 1)
Food poisoning (enterotoxin)
Necrotizing soft tissue infections (Panton Valentine Leucocidin virulence factor)

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What does TREPONEMA PALLIDUM cause?

Syphilis

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What shape is TREPONEMA PALLIDUM

Spirochaete

4 stages of syphilis?

Primary (3-8 weeks) Painless ulcer (chancre) at site of inoculation
Secondary (6-12 weeks) Disseminated infection with generalised rash and lymphadenopathy
Latent (asymptomatic) period
Tertiary (usually years later) Skin, neurological and vascular manifestations

How can syphilis be acquired?

Through sex and congenitally

Main treatment for syphilis?

Penicillin

What are t1 herpes infections?

Oral

What are t2 herpes infections?

Genital

Medication for herpes?

Acyclovir

Which branch of what nerves' reactivation of Herpes zoster can cause major problems?

Opthalmic of trigeminal 5a

Medication for shingles?

Acyclovir and a vaccine is available

What is trichophytum

dermatophyte

What does trichophytum cause

superficial fungal infections

- Tinea unguium is what?

Fungal infection of the nail

- Tinea capitis is what?

fungal infection of hair that affects children

- Tinea manuum is what?

fungal infection of the hand, common in people who handle animals

- Tinea pedis is what?

fungal infection between toes

- Tinea cruris is what?

Fungal infection in the crotch, skin of it and not the actual scrotum

- Tinea facei is what?

fungal infection of the face, from cuddling

What word is used to indicate fungal infection

Tinea

CANDIDA INTERTRIGO causes what

- Inflammation of a body crease

When do you need to take tablets for a fungal infections

: IF NAIL AND HAIR IS INVOLVED YOU NEED TABLETS AS THE INFECTION IS TOO DEEP

What causes scabies

SARCOPTES SCABEI

How does SARCOPTES SCABEI cause scabies

burrows into the skin

- Scabies burrows can be found in certain regions of the body e.g. ..... (6)

genital region, nipples, wrists, finger webs, instep of feet, axilla

How does scabies present

- Exposure to mite faeces and eggs causes a delayed allergic reaction, resulting in a widespread eczematous rash which usually appears 4 weeks after the infestation, and is very itchy

Treatment for scabies?

- Treatment is with topical or systemic insecticides

How does varicella zoster present?

chicken pox  Manifests with fever and malaise, followed by development of a widespread vesicular rash

How does herpes simplex present?

painful vesicular rash which heals over 2-4 weeks - Due to latency in sensory neurons, there can be reactivation and recurrences of infection - You can get eczema herpeticum and herpes encephalitis.