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Microbiology Y2 > Skin Infections > Flashcards

Skin Infections Flashcards

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1
Q
  • X% of UK GP appointments are skin related and Y% of these are due to skin infections
A

15%

25%

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2
Q

Staph aureus is gram +ve/-ve?

A

+ve

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3
Q

TREPONEMA PALLIDUM is gram +ve/-ve?

A

-ve

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4
Q

What are 7 common skin infections?

A 
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
TREPONEMA PALLIDUM
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUSES TYPES 1 AND 2
VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS
TRICHOPHYTUM
CANDIDA INTERTRIGO
SCABIES
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5
Q

where is staph aureus usually colonised?

A

in the nose, axillae and groins

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6
Q

What is impetigo

A

Infection of subcorneal layer of epidermis

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7
Q

What is folliculitis

A

Infection of mouth of hair follicle

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8
Q

What is ecythema

A

Infection of full thickness of epidermis

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9
Q

What is a boil

A

Abscess of hair follicle

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10
Q

What is a carbuncle

A

Abscess of several adjacent hair follicles

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11
Q

Abscess of several adjacent hair follicles is known as a….

A

Carbuncle

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12
Q

Abscess of hair follicle is known as a….

A

Boil

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13
Q

Infection of full thickness of epidermis is known as….

A

Ecythema

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14
Q

Infection of mouth of hair follicle is known as….

A

folliculitis

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15
Q

Infection of subcorneal layer of epidermis is known as….

A

Impetigo

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16
Q

Through toxin production what can staph A cause and what is its virulence factor (4)

A

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin effecting skin, works on desmoglein)
Toxic shock syndrome (toxic shock syndrome toxin 1)
Food poisoning (enterotoxin)
Necrotizing soft tissue infections (Panton Valentine Leucocidin virulence factor)

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17
Q

What does TREPONEMA PALLIDUM cause?

A

Syphilis

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18
Q

What shape is TREPONEMA PALLIDUM

A

Spirochaete

19
Q

4 stages of syphilis?

A

Primary (3-8 weeks) Painless ulcer (chancre) at site of inoculation
Secondary (6-12 weeks) Disseminated infection with generalised rash and lymphadenopathy
Latent (asymptomatic) period
Tertiary (usually years later) Skin, neurological and vascular manifestations

20
Q

How can syphilis be acquired?

A

Through sex and congenitally

21
Q

Main treatment for syphilis?

A

Penicillin

22
Q

What are t1 herpes infections?

A

Oral

23
Q

What are t2 herpes infections?

A

Genital

24
Q

Medication for herpes?

A

Acyclovir

25
Q

Which branch of what nerves’ reactivation of Herpes zoster can cause major problems?

A

Opthalmic of trigeminal 5a

26
Q

Medication for shingles?

A

Acyclovir and a vaccine is available

27
Q

What is trichophytum

A

dermatophyte

28
Q

What does trichophytum cause

A

superficial fungal infections

29
Q
  • Tinea unguium is what?
A

Fungal infection of the nail

30
Q
  • Tinea capitis is what?
A

fungal infection of hair that affects children

31
Q
  • Tinea manuum is what?
A

fungal infection of the hand, common in people who handle animals

32
Q
  • Tinea pedis is what?
A

fungal infection between toes

33
Q
  • Tinea cruris is what?
A

Fungal infection in the crotch, skin of it and not the actual scrotum

34
Q
  • Tinea facei is what?
A

fungal infection of the face, from cuddling

35
Q

What word is used to indicate fungal infection

A

Tinea

36
Q

CANDIDA INTERTRIGO causes what

A
  • Inflammation of a body crease
37
Q

When do you need to take tablets for a fungal infections

A

: IF NAIL AND HAIR IS INVOLVED YOU NEED TABLETS AS THE INFECTION IS TOO DEEP

38
Q

What causes scabies

A

SARCOPTES SCABEI

39
Q

How does SARCOPTES SCABEI cause scabies

A

burrows into the skin

40
Q
  • Scabies burrows can be found in certain regions of the body e.g. ….. (6)
A

genital region, nipples, wrists, finger webs, instep of feet, axilla

41
Q

How does scabies present

A
  • Exposure to mite faeces and eggs causes a delayed allergic reaction, resulting in a widespread eczematous rash which usually appears 4 weeks after the infestation, and is very itchy
42
Q

Treatment for scabies?

A
  • Treatment is with topical or systemic insecticides
43
Q

How does varicella zoster present?

A

chicken pox  Manifests with fever and malaise, followed by development of a widespread vesicular rash

44
Q

How does herpes simplex present?

A

painful vesicular rash which heals over 2-4 weeks

  • Due to latency in sensory neurons, there can be reactivation and recurrences of infection
  • You can get eczema herpeticum and herpes encephalitis.

Microbiology Y2 (6 decks)

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