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Biol 220 > Skin Infections > Flashcards

Skin Infections Flashcards

1
Q
A

Bullous Impetigo

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2
Q
A

Cat scratch disease

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3
Q
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Chickenpox

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4
Q
A

Cutaneous Anthrax

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5
Q
A

Erysipelas

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6
Q
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Folliculitis

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7
Q
A

Gas Gangrene

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8
Q
A

Koplik’s Spots

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9
Q
A

Measles

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10
Q
A

Nonbullous Impetigo

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11
Q
A

Pseudomonas

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12
Q
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Roseola

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13
Q
A

Erythema infectiosum

“Fifth Disease”

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14
Q
A

Shingles

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15
Q
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Rubella

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16
Q
A

Smallpox

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17
Q
A

Poxviral Infection

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18
Q
A

Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome

SSSS

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19
Q
A

Necrotizing Fasciitis

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20
Q

Sensations:

A

based on nerve endings in skin

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21
Q

Dermis location…

A

lower and deeper in the skin; thicker

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22
Q

Epidermis location…

A

superficial layer

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23
Q

Malassezia:

Staph, micrococcus, diphtheroids:

A

Malassezia: opportunistic fungi found on skin surfaces of animals and humans

Staph, micrococcus, diphtheroids: opportunistic gram-positive bacteria found in the environment like the soil

24
Q

Folliculitis:

Sty:

Furuncle:

Carbuncle:

A

Folliculitis: infection of hair follicle (pimple)

Sty: base of eyelid

Furuncle: infection spreads to invade surrounding tissue

Carbuncle: multiple furuncles growing together

25
Q

What usually causes folliculitis?

A

staphyloccus

26
Q

The 2 types of staphyloccus in folliculitis and brief explanation:

A

S. aureus: just bad in general

S. epidermis: mostly opportunistic; problematic in catheters

27
Q
A
28
Q

Folliculitis

Diagnosis and treatment

A

Diagnosis: isolated Gram + clusters in pus

Treatment: antibiotics

29
Q

Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome is caused by…

A

S. aureus with exfoliative toxin; type of toxemia since it’s in the blood

30
Q

Staph scalded skin syndrome transmission, diagnosis, and treatment

A

Transmission: person-to-person

Diagnosis: physical traits (peeling, sloughing of skin)

Treatment: antibiotics

31
Q

Impetigo is caused by…

Erysipelas is caused by…

A

Impetigo: S. aureus and/or streptococcus pyogenes (GROUP A STREP)

Erysipelas: streptococcus pyogenes

32
Q

What is a possible complication of Erysipelas?

A

Acute glomerulonephritis

33
Q

Impetigo/Erysipelas

Transmission:

Diagnosis:

Treatment:

A

Transmission: person-to-person or formite (object)

Diagnosis: presence of yellow vesicles (impetigo)

Treatment: antibiotics

34
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis is usually caused by…

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

35
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis

Transmission:

Diagnosis:

Treatment:

A

Transmission: person-to-person, breaks in skin

Diagnosis: difficult early on because generic

Treatment: IV antibiotics, surgical debridement (clean up dead tissue)

36
Q

Acne stages…

A
  1. Normal skin; oily sebum is produced & discharged through pore
  2. Whitehead; inflammed skin causes bacteria and sebum accumulation
  3. Blackhead; dead and dying bacteria block pore
  4. Pustule formation: severe inflammation of hair follicle
37
Q

Cat scratch disease is caused by…

A

bartonella henselae

38
Q

Cat scratch disease

Symptoms:

Transmission:

Treatment:

A

Symptoms: fever, malaise (icky feeling), local swelling

Transmission: cat bite/scratch or blood sucking arthropods

Treatment: antibiotics

39
Q

Pseudomonas

Symptoms:

Found:

MDR:

A

Symptoms: fever, chills, shock, pyocyanin (blue-green pigment)

Found: ubiquitous

MDR: multi drug resistant

40
Q

Cutaneous anthrax is caused by…

A

bacillus anthracis; Gram + rod spore former

41
Q

Cutaneous anthrax

Characteristics:

Treatment:

Prevention:

A

Characteristics: eschar (gross black spot; painless lesion)

Treatment: antibiotics

Prevention: control disease in livestock

42
Q

Gas gangrene is caused by…

A

clostridium perfringens; Gram + rod; anaerobic; spore

43
Q

Gas gangrene

Symptoms:

Vegetative cells:

Mortality rate:

Treatment:

A

Symptoms: necrosis (dead tissue; connective and muscle) and black gas bubble

Vegetative cells: produce 11 toxins that kill surrounding tissue

Mortality rate: can exceed 40%

Treatment: surgical debridement, antibiotics, antitoxin

44
Q

Poxviral infection phases

A
  1. Macule: flat
  2. Papule: raised
  3. Vesicle: fluid
  4. Pustule: pus
  5. Crust: flat, no pus
  6. Scar
45
Q

Smallpox

Specific pox is called…

Transmission:

Treatment:

A

Specific pox is called variola

Transmission: inhalation

Treatment: vaccine

46
Q

Herpes

Synctyia:

Transmission:

A

Synctyia: fuse with cells next to it; evades immune system

Transmission: contact with mucous membranes

47
Q

Chickenpox and shingles are both caused by…

A

varicella-zoster virus (VZV)

48
Q

Chickenpox and shingles

Pathogenesis:

Epidemiology:

A

Pathogenesis: respiratory tract to skin via blood and lymph; virus becomes latent in nerve ganglia

Epidemiology: risk of shingles increases with age

49
Q

Rubella is caused by…

A

rubella virus (RNA virus)

50
Q

Rubella

Signs/symptoms:

Epidemiology:

Diagnosis:

A

Signs/symptoms: mild rash in children, arthritis in adults

Epidemiology: respiratory

Diagnosis: rash

51
Q

Measles is caused by…

A

measles virus

52
Q

Measles

Other name:

Signs/symptoms:

Pathogenesis:

Epidemiology:

Treatment:

A

Other name: Rubeola

Signs/symptoms: Koplik’s spots, rare possible brain problems

Pathogenesis: immune response to infected cells

Epidemiology: highly contagious, humans only hosts

Treatment: vitamin A, antibodies, vaccine to prevent

53
Q

Erythema infectiosum has another name; what is it?

A

Fifth disease

54
Q

If adults develop Fifth disease..

A

they may experience anemia and joint pain

55
Q

Roseola

A

mild, endemic disease in kids

-caused human herpes virus

Biol 220 (6 decks)

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