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HA Finals > Skin Hair Nails > Flashcards

Skin Hair Nails Flashcards

1
Q

4 layers of epidermis

A

Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum germinativum

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2
Q

Are attached to hair follicles and, therefore, are present over most of the body, excluding the soles and palms.

They secrete an oily substance called sebum that waterproofs the hair and skin.

A

Sebaceous glands

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3
Q

Two types of sweat glands

A

Apocrine glands
Eccrine glands

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4
Q

Sweat glands that are located over the entire skin, secretion of swear and thermoregulation

A

Eccrine glands

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5
Q

associated with hair follicles in the axillae, perineum, and areolae of the breast.

Small and non functional until puberty and when activated, they secrete a milky sweat

A

Apocrine glands

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6
Q

develops within sheath of epidermal cells.

A

Hair follicle

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7
Q

2 types of hair

A

Vellus hair (peach fuzz)
Terminal hair (particularly scalp and eyebrows)

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8
Q

loss of color

A

Pallor

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9
Q

appear blue-tinged, especially in the
perioral, nail bed, and conjunctival area.

A

Cyanosis

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10
Q

yellow skin tones – seen in the sclera,
oral mucosa, palms, and soles.

A

Jaundice

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11
Q

darkening of skin in body folds and creases, especially neck, groin, and axilla. Hyperpigmentation

A

Acanthosis nigricans

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12
Q

result from cardiopulmonary
problem.

A

Central cyanosis

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13
Q

skin redness and warmth—seen in
inflammation, allergic reactions, or trauma.

A

Erythema

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14
Q

called malar rash, across the
bridge of the nose and cheeks.

A

Butterfly rash

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15
Q

arise from normal skin due to irritation or disease.

A

Primary lesion

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16
Q

arise from changes in primary lesion.

A

Secondary lesion

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17
Q

reddish-bluish lesions, are seen with bleeding, venous pressure, aging, liver disease, or pregnancy.

A

Vascular lesion

18
Q

can be either primary or secondary lesion and are classified as SSC, BCC, or malignant melanoma.

A

Cancerous lesion

19
Q

rough, flaky, dry.

A

Hypothyroidism

20
Q

typical in shock or hypotension.

A

Clammy skin

21
Q

facial hair on females.

A

Hirsutism

22
Q

Small, flat, nonpalpable skin color change. less than 1cm with a circumscribed border.

A

MACULE

23
Q

Small, flat, nonpalpable skin color change. are greater than 1 cm, and may have an irregular border.

A

Patches

24
Q

2 types of Elevated, palpable, solid mass.

A

Papules - have a circumscribed and are less than
0.5 cm.
Plaques - are greater than 0.5 cm and may be
coalesced papules with a flat top.

25
Q

Elevated, solid, palpable mass that extends deeper into dermis than a papule.

A

Nodule and tumor

26
Q

Circumscribed elevated, palpable mass containing serous fluid.

A

Vesicle and bullas

27
Q

Elevated mass with transient borders that are often irregular. Size and color vary. Caused by movement of serous fluid in the dermis.

A

Wheal

28
Q

Bluish or red lesion with varying shape (spider-like or linear) found on the legs and anterior chest.

A

TELANGIECTASIS (VENOUS STAR)

29
Q

Red arteriole lesion with a central body with radiating branches. It is usually noted on the face, neck, arms, and trunk.

A

Spider angioma

30
Q

Spoon-shaped nails that may be seen with trauma to cuticles or nail folds or in iron deficiency anemia, or endocrine, or cardiac disease.

A

Koilonychia

31
Q

White coating or urea crystals or skin deposits
- White powdery substance

A

Umeric frost

32
Q

Ecchymosis, bluish to purplish discoloration, bruising on the flanks

A

Grey turner sign

33
Q
  • Overgrowth of scar tissues
A

Keloid

34
Q
  • Raised itchy rash that appears in the skin
  • Caused by allergic reaction, histamine
A

Urticaria

35
Q

inflamed lesion that is red, tender and hard

A

Papule

36
Q

large, inflamed lesion that is filled with white or yellow pus (also called pimples)

A

Pustule

37
Q

large, inflamed lesion that forms under the skin and is filled with pus.

A

Cyst

38
Q

flat and non-elevated; e.g., freckles, hemangioma, vitiligo

A

Macule

39
Q

red elevated lesion; e.g., psoriasis

A

Papule

40
Q

pus-filled; e.g., acne

A

Pustule

41
Q

localized skin edema; e.g., insect bite, rash, urticarial

A

Wheal

42
Q

fluid-filled; e.g., shingle herpes, chicken fox

A

Vesicles

HA Finals (8 decks)

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