Skin Hair And Nails Flashcards
Plaque psoriasis
Describe the shape of this lesion
Circular
Describe the shape of this lesion
Oval
Describe the shape of this lesion
Annular (Ring like with central clearing)
Describe the shape of this lesion
Nummular (coin-like, no central clearing)
Describe the texture of this skin
Greasy (Seborrheic dermatitis)
Describe the texture of this skin
Dry and fine (tinea pedis)
What is the texture of this skin
Hard and keratotic (actinic karatoses)
What is the configuration of this skin disease
Unilateral and Dermatomal vesicles
Herpes zoster
What is the configuration/disorder?
Herpes simplex with GROUPED vesicles or pustules on an erythematous base
What is the configuration and lesion type
Poison ivy allergic contact dermatitis with LINEAR lesions
What kind of primary lesion?
Macule (flat<1cm)
What kind of primary lesion is this?
Macules (flat<1cm)
Pityriasis versicolor
What primary lesion is this?
Macules (flat <1cm)
Benign melanocytic nevi
What lesion is this?
Patch (flat >1cm)
Bilaterally symmetric erythematous patches
With overlying greasy scale
Seborrheic dermatitis
What type of lesion? And whats the diagnosis?
Patch (flat>1cm)
Vitiligo
What primary lesion? What diagnosis?
Papule (raised, <1cm)
Overlying telangiectasis
Basal cell carcinoma
What skin lesion?
Papule (raised <1cm)
Skim tags
What skin condition?
Papules (raised <1cm)
With central umbillications
In mons pubis, on penile shaft
Molluseum contagiosum
What primary lesion is this?
Papules raised (<1cm)
Guttate psoriasis
What is the lesion?
Plaques raised >1cm
Silvery scale
Plaque psoriasis
Name the lesion and diagnosis
Plaque raised (>1cm)
Lichenified (thickened from rubbing)
Atopic dermatitis
Name the lesion and diagnosis
Plaque raised >1cm
Pityriasis rosea
Whats the lesion and diagnosis
Plaque raised (>1cm)
Pityriasis rosea
Name the lesion and diagnosis
Plaque raised >1cm
Overlying dried transudate crust
Nummular dermatitis
Name the lesion and the diagnosis
Vesicle (raised, fluid filled <1cm)
Herpes simplex virus
Name the lesion and the diagnosis
Raised fluid filled <1cm
Dermatomal distribution
Does not cross midline
Herpes zoster or “shingles”
Name the lesion and the diagnosis
Vesicle (raised, fluid-filled, <1cm)
Erythematous papules and vesicles with transudate crust
Rhus dertmatitis or allergic contact dermatitis from poison ivy
Describe the lesion and diagnose
Raised fluid filled >1cm
Bulla
Bullous fixed drug eruption
Describe the lesion and diagnose
Raised, fluid filled >1cm
Bullae
Bullae from insect bites
Name the lesion and diagnosis
Raised fluid filled >1cm
Bullae
Ontop of a skin fragility disorder
Name the lesion and the diagnosis
Pustule (small palpable collection of neutrophils or keratin that appears white)
Acne vulgaris
Name the lesion and diagnosis
Erythematous pustules
Bacterial folliculitis
Name the lesion and diagnosis
Furuncles (inflamed hair follicles; multiple furuncles form a carbuncle)
Furunculosis (fluctuant deep infections are abscesses)
Name the lesion and the diagnosis
Furuncle
(Inflamed hair follicle; multiple furuncles together form a carbuncle)
Furunculosis (fluctuant deep infections are abscesses)
Describe the lesion and diagnosis
Nodule (larger and deeper than a papule)
Dermatofibroma
Describe the lesion and name the diagnosis
Nodule
Keloid
What is the lesion and diagnosis
Subcutaneous mass/cyst
Epidermal inclusion cyst
Describe the lesion and diagnosis
Subcutaneous mass/cyst
Pearly white balls
Pilar cysts
Name the lesion and the diagnosis
Subcutaneous mass/cyst
Lipoma
Name the lesion and diagnosis
Wheal (area of localized dermal edema that evanesces (comes and goes) within a period of 1-2 days
Primary lesion of uticaria
Name the lesion and diagnosis
Burrow (small linear of serpiginous pathways in the epidermis created by the scabies mite
Scabies
Describe the lesion and name the diagnosis
Often easier to FEEL than see
Superficial keratotic papules “come and go” on sun damaged skin
Precursor to SCC
Actinic keratosis
Diagnose this skin lesion
Actinic keratosis
Rough lesion
Describe the skin and name the diagnosis
May occur in the same distribution on forehead, central face
Scale is less keratotic and will improve with moisturizers and mild topical steroids
Superficial xerosis or Seborrheic dermatitis
Describe the lesion and diagnosis
Smooth but firm border
SCCs can become quite large if left untreated.
The highest sites of metastasis are the scalp, lips and ears.
Squamous cell carcinoma
Whats the diagnosis?
Squamous cell carcinoma
Describe the lesion and diagnosis
Fiery red
Less than 2cm
Central body, sometimes raised
Radiating legs
Center blanches
Face, neck, arms and upper trunk (almost never below the waist)
Spider angioma
Describe the lesion and diagnose
Spider vein
Bluish
Very small to several inches
May resemble a spider or be linear, irregular, cascading
Diffuse pressure blanches the veins
Located on legs near veins, also on the anterior chest
Accompanies increased pressure in the superficial veins, as in varicose veins
Describe the lesion and diagnosis
Bright or ruby red; may become purplish with age
Firm 1-3 mm
Round, flat, or sometimes raised
May be surrounded by a pale halo
Located on trunk or extremities
Increases in size and numbers with aging
Cherry angioma
Describe the lesion and diagnosis
Usually in fair skinned people
Evolution or rapid change is the most important feature
Amelanotic melanoma
Describe the lesion and diagnosis
On sun-exposed skin
Light brown and uniform but may be asymmetric
Solar lentigo
Describe the lesion and diagnosis
On sun exposed skin or sun protected skin
Look for ABCDE feature
Melanoma in situ
Describe the lesion and diagnose
Deep red or reddish purple, fading away over time; petechiae 1-3mm; purpura are large
Rounded, sometimes irregular; flat
Non-blanching
Blood outside the vessels; may suggest a bleeding disorder or; it petechiae, emboli to skin; palpable purpura or vasculitis
Petechiae/Purpura
Describe the lesion and diagnosis
Purple or purplish blue, fading to green, yellow, and brown with time; variable size, larger than petechiae >3mm
Rounded, oval, or irregular; may have a central subcutaneous flat nodule (a hematoma)
Blood outside the vessels; often secondary to bruising or trauma; also seen in bleeding disorders
Describe the lesion and diagnose
Bilaterally symmetric brown macules located on sun exposed skin, including the face, shoulders, arms and hands
Describe the lesion and diagnosis
Ecchymoses limited to the dorsal forearms and hands but not extending above the shirt sleeve line on the upper arm
Actinic purpura
What disease is this associated with?
Diabetes
It is diabetic dermopathy
Name the disease this is associated with and what is this called
Diabetes
Acanthosis nigricans
Name the disease this is associated with and what this is
Diabetes
Candidiasis
Name the diagnosis and describe the skin
Myxedema, dry and rough skin
Hypothyroidism
Name the disease and describe the skin
Systemic lupus erythematous
Malar erythema
Describe the rash and name the diagnosis
Interpharangeal eryethema
Lupus
Describe the nail and diagnosis
Diagnosis: paronychia
Superficial infection of the proximal and lateral nail folds adjacent to the nail plate
Staph or strep
Chronic infections and be candida
Describe the nail and name the diagnosis
Diagnosis: clubbing
Bulbous swelling of the soft tissue at the nail base
The angle increases more than 180
Can happen with: CHD, lung diseases, lung CA, IBD and malignancies
Describe the nail and name the diagnosis
Diagnosis: Habit tic Deformity
A depression of the central nail with a “christmas tree”
Repetitive trauma from rubbing index finger over thumb or vice versa
Describe the nail and diagnosis
Diagnosis: melanoma
Increased pigmentation in the nail matrix
Normal ethnic variation
Describe the nail and name the disorder
Disorder: Onycholysis
A painless separation of the whitened opaque nail plate from the pinker translucent nail bed
Trauma, psoriasis, fungal infection, diabetes, anemia, photosensitive drug reactions, hypothyroidism
Describe the skin and diagnose
Diagnosis: Cutis mamorata
Vasomotor changes in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue
A response to cooling or chronic exposure to radiant heat
Lattice-like, bluish mottled appearance
Prominent in premature infants OR infants with congenital hypothyroidism and down syndrome
Describe the skin and diagnose
Diagnosis: Acrocyanosis
A blue cast to the hands and feet when exposed to cold
Very common in newborns for the first few days and may recur throughout early infancy
If it doesn’t disappear within 8 hours or warming cyanotic congenital heart disease should be considered
Describe the skin and diagnose
Diagnosis: central cyanosis
Should be suspicious of congenital heart disease
Look at the tongue or mucosa for best diagnosis
Describe the skin and name the diagnosis
Diagnosis: Harlequin dyschromia
Appears with transient cyanosis of one half of the body of extremity with vascular instability
Lasts about 10-20 minutes and harmless
More common in low birth weight babies
Describe the skin and name the diagnosis
Diagnosis: Slate Blue patches
A dark or bluish pigment over the buttocks and lower lumbar regions
Common in newborns of african, asian, and Mediterranean descent
Result from pigmented calls in the deep layers of the skin
Describe the skin and diagnosis
Diagnosis: café-au-lait spots
Pigmented light brown lesions (<1 to 2cm at birth)
~multiple lesions with SHARP borders can suggest neurofibromatosis~
Describe the skin and diagnose
Diagnosis: Jaundice
Occurs during days 2-5 of life
Progresses from head to toe
Extreme jaundice may signify a hemolytic process or liver or biliary disease
Jaundice within the first 24 hr of birth may be from hemolytic disease of the newborn
Late appearing jaundice or jaundice that persists beyond 2-3 weeks should raise suspicions of biliary obstruction or liver disease
Describe the skin and diagnose
Diagnosis: Miliary rubra
Scattered vesicles on an erythematous base, usually on the face and trunk
Results from obstruction of sweat gland ducts
Disappears spontaneously within weeks
Describe the skin and name the diagnosis
Diagnosis: Erythema toxicum
Consists of erythematous macules with central pinpoint vesicles scattered diffusely over the entire body
Usually within 2-3 days of life
Appear similar to flea bites
Unknown etiology but disappear after 1 week
Describe the skin and diagnosis
Diagnosis: pustular melanosis
Small vesiculopustules over a brown macular base; these can last for several months
Presents at birth
Common in black infants
Describe the skin and name the diagnosis
Diagnosis: milia
Pinhead sized smooth white raised areas without surrounding erythema on nose,chin and forehead
Results from retention of sebum in the openings of sebaceous glands
Present at birth or first few weeks
Disappear after a few weeks
Describe the skin and name the diagnosis
Diagnosis: Midline Hair tufts
Over the lumbosacral spine region suggests a possible spinal cord defect
