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Small Animal Surgery > Skin Grafting > Flashcards

Skin Grafting Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 indications for skin grafting?

A
  • Skin defects on the extremities
  • Extensive burn wounds
  • Adjunct to other reconstructive procedures
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2
Q

What are 3 ways to classify skin grafts based on the donor-host relationship?

A
  • Autograft
  • Allograft
  • Xenograft
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3
Q

What are 2 ways to classify skin grafts based on thickness?

A
  • Full-thickness

- Split-thickness

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4
Q

What type of recipient bed is preferred in most instances?

A

Healthy granulation bed

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5
Q

A fresh wound with sufficient what to produce granulation tissue makes a good recipient bed?

A

Sufficient blood supply

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6
Q

Using cortical fenestration can speed granulation tissue formation over what?

A

Exposed bone

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7
Q

With cortical fenestration, holes are drilled through the near cortex into what part of the bone?

A

Medullary cavity

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8
Q

What serves as a matrix for granulation tissue to form on the surface with cortical fenestration?

A

Blood clots

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9
Q

What are 3 ways to tell when granulation tissue is ready for grafting?

A
  • Granulation tissue is pink and glistening
  • Surface is smooth
  • Wound contracting and epithelial migration visible at wound margin
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10
Q

What are 3 types of skin grafting techniques?

A
  • Sheet
  • Punch
  • Strip
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11
Q

What are 3 types of sheet grafting techniques?

A
  • Full-thickness
  • Split-thickness
  • Mesh, sieve, pie-crust
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12
Q

What are 2 types of punch skin grafting techniques?

A
  • Seed, pinch

- Stamp

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13
Q

What is an example of a strip skin grafting technique?

A

Tunnel

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14
Q

A full-thickness skin graft consists of what layers of skin?

What are 2 skin elements included in this type of graft?

A
  • Epidermis and dermis

- Hair follicles and adnexal structures

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15
Q

Which type of skin graft results in the best cosmetic appearance and function?

A

Full-thickness skin graft

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16
Q

When preparing the recipient bed, lightly scrape with a scalpel blade to do what 2 things?

A
  • Remove surface debris

- Expose capillaries

17
Q

What should the recipient bed be covered with while the graft is being prepared?

A

Moist sponges soaked in CHX solution

18
Q

What are 2 reasons for using patterns for skin grafts?

A
  • Recipient sites with irregular borders

- Exact fit is desired

19
Q

What is the easiest method for harvesting skin grafts?

A

Dissect graft from donor site deep to cutaneous trunci muscle, remove cutaneous trunci muscle and superficial subcutaneous tissue prior to applying graft.

20
Q

When preparing a graft, removal of the cutaneous trunci and subcutaneous tissue can be facilitated in what 2 ways to help stretch the graft back to its original size?

A
  • Placing sutures

- Using hypodermic needles

21
Q

If the graft has been properly prepared, what should be visible?

A

Bulbs of the hair follicles

22
Q

What is an important step that enhances revascularization of a graft?

A

Graft preparation

23
Q

A sheet graft in which parallel rows of staggered slits are made is known as what?

A

Mesh graft

24
Q

What are 3 advantages to mesh grafts?

A
  • Allows expansion of graft to cover larger defects
  • Allows drainage of blood and serum from under graft
  • Allows graft to conform better to uneven surfaces
25
Q

The degree to which a mesh graft can be expanded is determined by what 2 factors?

A
  • Number of rows of slits

- Length of each slit

26
Q

Full-thickness plugs of skin placed in granulation bed is known as what?

A

Punch (seed) grafts

27
Q

Are punch (seed) grafts used often in small animals?

A

No

28
Q

What do punch (seed) grafts enhance?

A

Epithelialization

29
Q

How are punch (seed) grafts placed?

A

Grafts are press fit into granulation bed but not secured otherwise.

30
Q

What are 4 things that can be done during post-operative care?

A
  • Apply antibiotic ointment and non-adherent dressing
  • Absorbent secondary layer
  • Splint or cast if over joint
  • Change dressing in 24-48 hours
31
Q

Which supply is usually re-established faster, arterial or venous?

A

Arterial

32
Q

What are 2 common sequelae from post-operative changes seen in healing grafts?

A
  • Venous congestion

- Edema

33
Q

What are 2 possible occurrences that may take place during the post-operative healing phase?

A
  • Superficial loss of epidermis

- Overgrowth of normal bacteria

Small Animal Surgery (9 decks)

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