Skin Disorders Flashcards
Define a dermatologist
Physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails
Define lesion and state 3 categories
Structural change in tissue caused by disease or injury
- Primary Lesions
- Secondary Lesions
- Vascular Lesions
Define acute and chronic disease and give an example for each
Acute - symptoms of a more violent character and short duration (example - sunburn)
Chronic - symptoms of long duration, mild but recurring (example - acne)
What is the condition that is genetic and characterized by silvery scales?
Psoriasis
What are 3 chronic characteristics of rosacea?
Redness, dilation of blood vessels, and inflammation
Compare bulla and vesicle
Bulla is a large blister
Vesicles are small blisters
______ is an open lesion with loss of skin depth
Ulcer
_____ is overgrowth of scar tissue
Keloid
_____ is a crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis
Fissure
Is acne considered to be acute or chronic
Chronic condition
Define acne causes and triggers
Causes - clogged pores and propping bacterium
Triggers - hormones, stress, certain foods, climate, sun, and friction
Define 4 grades of acne
Grade 1 - minor breakouts, mostly open comedones, some closed comedones, few papules
Grade 2 - many open and closed comedones, papules, and occasional pustules
Grade 3 - red and inflamed, many papules, and pustules
Grade 4 - cystic acne, cysts with comedones, papules, pustules, inflammation, and possible scarring
_____ is a sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping
Excoriation
______ _____ is a disorder where client purposely scrapes off the surface of acne lesions excoriee
Acne Excoriee
What skin disorder is excessively oily?
Seborrhea
______ a hardened mass of sebum and akin cells that has oxidized
Comedone
Define furuncle
Subcutaneous abscess filled with pus. Also known as boil or cyst
_____ _____ is a viral infection also called a cold sore
Herpes simplex
Define perioral dermatitis
Acne like disorder around the mouth with red papules in the mouth nose, and chin area
_____ is a bead like fibrous tissue that stands away from the skin
Skin tag
What is the term called for callous?
Keratoma
What are some causes of distended capillaries, and what is the medical term?
Causes are sun, diet, medication, alcohol, and stress. Medical term is telangiectasia
What is the term for a birthmark or mole?
Nevus
Define keratosis pilaris
Keratosis pilaris is chronic redness and papules on the cheek, thighs, buttocks, or upper arms from blocked follicles
Define sebaceous hyperplasia
Overgrowths of the sebaceous gland usually found in oilier areas of the face
_____ is dry scaly skin, and a lack of sebum
Asteatosis
Compare anhidrosis and hyperhidrosis
Anhidrosis is a deficiency in perspiration resulting from a fever or skin disease.
Hyperhidrosis is excessive perspiration caused by heat or body weakness
_____ is foul smelling perspiration
Bromhidrosis
______ is increased pigmented complexion that may be present during UV exposure during pregnancy or hormonal changes
Melasma
What are the 3 types of skin cancer?
Basel call carcinoma - most common, least severe
Squamous cell carcinoma - more serious
Malignant melanoma - most serious, can be life threatening
Define tinea versicolour
Non contagious yeast infection inhibiting melanin production
_______ _______ is a hereditary factor where dead skin cells build up and do not shed from the follicles
Retention hyperkeratosis
Esthetician’s are able to diagnose most skin disorders. True or False?
False
______ is a contagious bacterial infection, clusters of small blisters, often occurring in children but can occur at any age
Impetigo
_____ is a wart
Verruca
_____ is a small pimple containing no fluid
Papule
Define macule
Flat discoloured spot on the surface of the skin that may be left after a pimple has healed or by UV exposure
_____ ______ is a cluster of dilated capillaries on the skins surface
Cherry Angioma
_____ is the medical term for hives
Urticaria
______ _______ _______ are small itchy patches of papules and pustules that may be found on the face, chest, or back.
Pityrosporum Malassezia Folliculitis and it’s caused by yeast.
_______ _____ _____ is a unique type of grade 2 acne.
Maturation Arrest Acne
______ _________ is a non contagious bacterial infection that can affect both the soles of the feet or the palms of the hands
Pitted Keratolysis
__________ __ _____ is when the skin turns a reddish-brown hue, with visible telangiectasia.
Poikiloderma of Civatte and is caused by chronic sun exposure
________ _________ is a precancerous lesion (squamous) found on sun exposed areas. A scaly patch that may be sharp to touch.
Actinic Keratosis
Diet high in sugar or salt may trigger inflammation in the skin. True or False?
True
Define Primary Lesion
Changes in tissue during early stage of development during a disease or injury
Define Secondary Lesion
Develop in the later stages of the disease and change the structure of the tissue scale
Define Vascular Lesion
Change in the tissue characterized by the appearance of the small blood vessels close to the skin
______ is persistent redness on the skin surface caused by disease or injury
Erythrosis
______ is white spots on the skin from reduction of melanocytes
Vitiligo
_____ is firm white, hardened masses of session and dead cells formed under the skin where no oxygen is present
Milia
