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Skin Diseases And Disorders > Skin Diseases And Disorders > Flashcards

Skin Diseases And Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Conditions of the skin are divided into 4 categories

A

Lesions
Skin disorders
Skin infections
Skin cancer

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2
Q

Lesions

A

Abnormal changes in the structure of the skin

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3
Q

Primary lesion

A

Foundation of the disease and occur first

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4
Q

Secondary lesion

A

Result of further irritation or progression of the disease

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5
Q

5 primary skin lesions

A

Macule (freckle) pustule (pimple) papuple (wart) wheal (urticaria or insect bite) cyst (grade 2 acne)

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6
Q

6 secondary lesions

A

Calluses (corns) psoriasis, scar, crust (eczema or scab) excoriation(deep scratch abrasion acne excoriée) scales (calluses psoriasis)

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7
Q

Benign skin growth

A

AKA hypertrophies, a non-malignant overgrowth or excess of skin. Should not be removed

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8
Q

Examples of benign skin growth

A

Skin tag/acrochordon (small elevated growth of skin) keratosis Polaris (build up of cells) actinic keratosis (pre malignant growth ) seborrheic keratosis (common wart like growth) dermatosis papulosa infra (small dark bumps that on the face or neck)

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9
Q

Vascular disorders

A

Abnormalities related to capillary growth bruising or blood visible within epidermis

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10
Q

What is a Pigmentation disorders

A

Result of abnormal melanocyte activity (dyschromia)

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11
Q

Hypopigmentation

A

Light or white patches

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12
Q

Hyperpigmentation

A

Dark patches ; areas of overactivity of melanocytes

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13
Q

Melanoderma

A

Hyperpigmentation caused by over activity of melanocytes in epidermis

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14
Q

What triggers melanoderma

A

Sunlight , over activity of pituitary gland , circulation of hormones, disease hormones

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15
Q

List Pigmentation disorders

A

Hyperpigmentation , solar lentigo, ephelides, melasma, acquires nevus

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16
Q

Solar lentigo

A

Appears larger and darker than a freckle n also an example of a macule

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17
Q

Ephelides

A

Commonly found on the face neck and chest and are considered macules

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18
Q

Melasma

A

Patches of brown discoloration on face also referred to as chloasma

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19
Q

Acquired nevus (mole)

A

Benign growth that is a small skin colored or brown growth pigmented spot that may be raised and is symmetrical

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20
Q

Leukoderma

A

Hypopigmentation caused by decrease of melanocytes in epidermis ;occasionally the result of congenital defect such as albinism or can be acquired

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21
Q

Albinism

A

Congenital failure of the skin to produce melanin pigment

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22
Q

Congenital melanocytic nevus

A

Mole that develops at birth or shortly after

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23
Q

Disorder of the sebaceous gland

A

Over or under activity; can produce a variety of conditions that may require medical attention

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24
Q

Acne

A

Chronic inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands; some forms have a genetic trigger

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25
Q

Grade 1 acne

A

Mild non inflammatory acne

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26
Q

Grade 2 acne

A

Moderate acne

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27
Q

Grade 3 acne

A

Severe acne

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28
Q

Grade 4

A

Cystic acne

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29
Q

Acne excoriée

A

Condition in which a person compulsively picks and squeezes at their acne lesions causing scabs and scars

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30
Q

Comedones

A

Small bumps frequently found on the forehead and chin associated with acne

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31
Q

Seborrhea

A

Condition caused by excess secretion of the sebaceous gland

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32
Q

Asteatosis

A

Condition of dry skin

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33
Q

Icthyosis

A

Persistent dry scaly thickened skin

34
Q

Chalazion

A

Papillae caused by occlusion of the sebaceous gland in eye area

35
Q

Milia

A

White enclosed keratin filled cyst; contains sebbum dead skin cells and bacteria; form a hard ball beneath the outer layer of skin

36
Q

Steatoma

A

Sebaceous cyst or wen; harmless subcutaneous tumor or sebaceous gland, filled with sebum

37
Q

Blackhead

A

Open follicle with black surface plug that has been oxidized and discolored due to sebum’s contact with air

38
Q

Whitehead

A

Closed comedo; plugged sebaceous gland with an opening that is now widely dilated. Begins to bulge because sebum produced cannot escape

39
Q

Hyperhydrosis

A

Overproduction of perspiration

40
Q

Bromhidrosis

A

Medical condition sometimes called osmidrosis or body odor

41
Q

Anhidrosis

A

Inability to sweat normally

42
Q

Syringoma

A

Sweat duct tumor

43
Q

Miliaria Rubia

A

Acute eruption of small red vesicles with burning and itching of skin caused by excessive heat

44
Q

Dermatitis

A

Inflammation within skin

45
Q

Atopic dermatitis

A

Inflammation of the skin

46
Q

Eczema

A

Inflammatory skin condition with an eruption of small vesicles and watery discharge

47
Q

Rosacea

A

Chronic inflammatory condition in which small capillaries of face, and most commonly nose cheeks forehead and chin become dilated and inflamed

48
Q

Contact dermatitis

A

Inflamed red itchy irritated skin on area in contact with substances client is allergic to

49
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis

A

Form of eczema width sebaceous gland involvement

50
Q

Rosacea subtypes

A

Erythematotelanagiectatic rosacea
Papulopustular rosace
Phymatous rosacea
Ocular rosacea

51
Q

Psoriasis

A

Chronic inflammatory skin condition classified into several subtypes

52
Q

Pseudofolliculitis Barbae

A

Razor bumps

53
Q

Pityriasis rosea

A

Viral rash that lasts 6-12 weeks

54
Q

Urticaria

A

Allergic reaction that produces an eruption of inflamed wheals

55
Q

Six signs of infection

A

Pain swelling redness local fever throbbing and discharge

56
Q

Herpes simplex

A

Highly contagious virus that creates a chronic condition that lies dormant between outbreaks

57
Q

Herpes simplex virus 1

A

Also called fever blisters or cold sores

58
Q

Herpes simples virus 2

A

Cause of genital herpes; transmitted by direct contact with the sores

59
Q

Herpes zoster

A

Like herpes , lesions are contagious until they have completely dried up and disappeared

60
Q

Fungal skin infection

A

Can be represented as a red itchy peeling skin rash; thrives in warm moist areas of the body

61
Q

Tinea veriscolor

A

Also called pityriasis veriscolor or tri-color yeast infection

62
Q

Tinea

A

Medical term for ringworm, which is a contagious fungal disease characterized by a red circular patch of blisters

63
Q

Candida albicans

A

Common skin infection caused by the overgrowth of yeast

64
Q

Tinea capitis

A

Fungal infection of the Scalp

65
Q

Bacterial skin infection

A

Rapid reproduction of a harmful strain of bacteria on or inside the body,can infect any area of the body

66
Q

Follicilitis

A

Infection of hair follicles caused by bacteria shaving or clothing irritation

67
Q

Impetigo

A

Highly contagious bacterial infection caused by staphylococcus aureus bacterium or streptococcus; bacterium found in the throat and on the skin

68
Q

Boils

A

Boils appear in the dermal layer and epidermis; caused by painful injection of the hair follicle and adjacent subcutaneous tissue

69
Q

Carbuncle

A

Refers to a cluster of furuncles and is caused by an acute bacterial infection of several adjoining hair follicles and the adjacent subcutaneous tissue

70
Q

Bacterial conjunctivitis

A

Pink eye

71
Q

Blepharitis

A

Inflammation of the eyelid

72
Q

Stye

A

Infection of an oil gland in the eyelid

73
Q

Cellulitis

A

Bacterial infection of the dermis subcutaneous tissue

74
Q

Infestation

A

Tiny parasites that invade the skin or hair leading to itching and rash ; highly contagious

75
Q

Scabies

A

An infestation by a mite that burrows beneath the skin and lays eggs

76
Q

Pediculosis

A

Infestation of nits or head lice

77
Q

Pre malignant growth or lesion

A

Flat or raised
Irregular in shape or border
Irregular color (black brown red blue or white)
Often asymmetrical more than 6mm in size
Untreated may develop into malignant lesions

78
Q

Malignant growths

A

Cancerous
Irregular border or bleed often
Do not heal well
Irregular color (black brown or red)
Can occur anywhere on the body
Must be diagnosed by a physician and treated immediately

79
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

A

Malignant lesion
Translucent irregular borders tiny blood vessels running through it

80
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Irregular crusted red papule
Occurs in sun exposed areas
May be untreated actinic keratosis
Needs to be completely removed

81
Q

Malignant melanoma

A

Most dangerous skin growth
Evolve from flat or raised pigmented lesions anywhere on the body
Untreated growths will change in color shape size and over time will become malignant
Chemotherapy is used on melanomas that have metastasized

82
Q

ABCDE rule for early detection of melanoma

A

Asymmetry
Borders
Color
Diameter
Evolution

Skin Diseases And Disorders (2 decks)

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