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Skin Diseases And Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Conditions of the skin are divided into 4 categories

A

Lesions
Skin disorders
Skin infections
Skin cancer

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2
Q

Lesions

A

Abnormal changes in the structure of the skin

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3
Q

Primary lesion

A

Foundation of the disease and occur first

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4
Q

Secondary lesion

A

Result of further irritation or progression of the disease

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5
Q

5 primary skin lesions

A

Macule (freckle) pustule (pimple) papuple (wart) wheal (urticaria or insect bite) cyst (grade 2 acne)

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6
Q

6 secondary lesions

A

Calluses (corns) psoriasis, scar, crust (eczema or scab) excoriation(deep scratch abrasion acne excoriée) scales (calluses psoriasis)

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7
Q

Benign skin growth

A

AKA hypertrophies, a non-malignant overgrowth or excess of skin. Should not be removed

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8
Q

Examples of benign skin growth

A

Skin tag/acrochordon (small elevated growth of skin) keratosis Polaris (build up of cells) actinic keratosis (pre malignant growth ) seborrheic keratosis (common wart like growth) dermatosis papulosa infra (small dark bumps that on the face or neck)

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9
Q

Vascular disorders

A

Abnormalities related to capillary growth bruising or blood visible within epidermis

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10
Q

What is a Pigmentation disorders

A

Result of abnormal melanocyte activity (dyschromia)

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11
Q

Hypopigmentation

A

Light or white patches

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12
Q

Hyperpigmentation

A

Dark patches ; areas of overactivity of melanocytes

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13
Q

Melanoderma

A

Hyperpigmentation caused by over activity of melanocytes in epidermis

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14
Q

What triggers melanoderma

A

Sunlight , over activity of pituitary gland , circulation of hormones, disease hormones

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15
Q

List Pigmentation disorders

A

Hyperpigmentation , solar lentigo, ephelides, melasma, acquires nevus

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16
Q

Solar lentigo

A

Appears larger and darker than a freckle n also an example of a macule

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17
Q

Ephelides

A

Commonly found on the face neck and chest and are considered macules

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18
Q

Melasma

A

Patches of brown discoloration on face also referred to as chloasma

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19
Q

Acquired nevus (mole)

A

Benign growth that is a small skin colored or brown growth pigmented spot that may be raised and is symmetrical

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20
Q

Leukoderma

A

Hypopigmentation caused by decrease of melanocytes in epidermis ;occasionally the result of congenital defect such as albinism or can be acquired

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21
Q

Albinism

A

Congenital failure of the skin to produce melanin pigment

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22
Q

Congenital melanocytic nevus

A

Mole that develops at birth or shortly after

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23
Q

Disorder of the sebaceous gland

A

Over or under activity; can produce a variety of conditions that may require medical attention

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24
Q

Acne

A

Chronic inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands; some forms have a genetic trigger

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25
Grade 1 acne
Mild non inflammatory acne
26
Grade 2 acne
Moderate acne
27
Grade 3 acne
Severe acne
28
Grade 4
Cystic acne
29
Acne excoriée
Condition in which a person compulsively picks and squeezes at their acne lesions causing scabs and scars
30
Comedones
Small bumps frequently found on the forehead and chin associated with acne
31
Seborrhea
Condition caused by excess secretion of the sebaceous gland
32
Asteatosis
Condition of dry skin
33
Icthyosis
Persistent dry scaly thickened skin
34
Chalazion
Papillae caused by occlusion of the sebaceous gland in eye area
35
Milia
White enclosed keratin filled cyst; contains sebbum dead skin cells and bacteria; form a hard ball beneath the outer layer of skin
36
Steatoma
Sebaceous cyst or wen; harmless subcutaneous tumor or sebaceous gland, filled with sebum
37
Blackhead
Open follicle with black surface plug that has been oxidized and discolored due to sebum’s contact with air
38
Whitehead
Closed comedo; plugged sebaceous gland with an opening that is now widely dilated. Begins to bulge because sebum produced cannot escape
39
Hyperhydrosis
Overproduction of perspiration
40
Bromhidrosis
Medical condition sometimes called osmidrosis or body odor
41
Anhidrosis
Inability to sweat normally
42
Syringoma
Sweat duct tumor
43
Miliaria Rubia
Acute eruption of small red vesicles with burning and itching of skin caused by excessive heat
44
Dermatitis
Inflammation within skin
45
Atopic dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin
46
Eczema
Inflammatory skin condition with an eruption of small vesicles and watery discharge
47
Rosacea
Chronic inflammatory condition in which small capillaries of face, and most commonly nose cheeks forehead and chin become dilated and inflamed
48
Contact dermatitis
Inflamed red itchy irritated skin on area in contact with substances client is allergic to
49
Seborrheic dermatitis
Form of eczema width sebaceous gland involvement
50
Rosacea subtypes
Erythematotelanagiectatic rosacea Papulopustular rosace Phymatous rosacea Ocular rosacea
51
Psoriasis
Chronic inflammatory skin condition classified into several subtypes
52
Pseudofolliculitis Barbae
Razor bumps
53
Pityriasis rosea
Viral rash that lasts 6-12 weeks
54
Urticaria
Allergic reaction that produces an eruption of inflamed wheals
55
Six signs of infection
Pain swelling redness local fever throbbing and discharge
56
Herpes simplex
Highly contagious virus that creates a chronic condition that lies dormant between outbreaks
57
Herpes simplex virus 1
Also called fever blisters or cold sores
58
Herpes simples virus 2
Cause of genital herpes; transmitted by direct contact with the sores
59
Herpes zoster
Like herpes , lesions are contagious until they have completely dried up and disappeared
60
Fungal skin infection
Can be represented as a red itchy peeling skin rash; thrives in warm moist areas of the body
61
Tinea veriscolor
Also called pityriasis veriscolor or tri-color yeast infection
62
Tinea
Medical term for ringworm, which is a contagious fungal disease characterized by a red circular patch of blisters
63
Candida albicans
Common skin infection caused by the overgrowth of yeast
64
Tinea capitis
Fungal infection of the Scalp
65
Bacterial skin infection
Rapid reproduction of a harmful strain of bacteria on or inside the body,can infect any area of the body
66
Follicilitis
Infection of hair follicles caused by bacteria shaving or clothing irritation
67
Impetigo
Highly contagious bacterial infection caused by staphylococcus aureus bacterium or streptococcus; bacterium found in the throat and on the skin
68
Boils
Boils appear in the dermal layer and epidermis; caused by painful injection of the hair follicle and adjacent subcutaneous tissue
69
Carbuncle
Refers to a cluster of furuncles and is caused by an acute bacterial infection of several adjoining hair follicles and the adjacent subcutaneous tissue
70
Bacterial conjunctivitis
Pink eye
71
Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eyelid
72
Stye
Infection of an oil gland in the eyelid
73
Cellulitis
Bacterial infection of the dermis subcutaneous tissue
74
Infestation
Tiny parasites that invade the skin or hair leading to itching and rash ; highly contagious
75
Scabies
An infestation by a mite that burrows beneath the skin and lays eggs
76
Pediculosis
Infestation of nits or head lice
77
Pre malignant growth or lesion
Flat or raised Irregular in shape or border Irregular color (black brown red blue or white) Often asymmetrical more than 6mm in size Untreated may develop into malignant lesions
78
Malignant growths
Cancerous Irregular border or bleed often Do not heal well Irregular color (black brown or red) Can occur anywhere on the body Must be diagnosed by a physician and treated immediately
79
Basal cell carcinoma
Malignant lesion Translucent irregular borders tiny blood vessels running through it
80
Squamous cell carcinoma
Irregular crusted red papule Occurs in sun exposed areas May be untreated actinic keratosis Needs to be completely removed
81
Malignant melanoma
Most dangerous skin growth Evolve from flat or raised pigmented lesions anywhere on the body Untreated growths will change in color shape size and over time will become malignant Chemotherapy is used on melanomas that have metastasized
82
ABCDE rule for early detection of melanoma
Asymmetry Borders Color Diameter Evolution

Skin Diseases And Disorders (2 decks)

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