Skin Diseases

Question 1

What is Mongolian blue spots (dermal melanosis)?

Answer 1

Benign but MUST be documented and pointed
out to parents, as can be mistaken for bruises and cause concern in school etc, fade to some
degree but do not necessarily totally disappear

Question 2

What is a Vernix caseoma?

Answer 2

Chalky-white greasy coat, normal, protects skin in utero from amniotic fluid

Question 3

What is Erythema toxicum neonatorum?

Answer 3

Flea-bitten appearance, white pinpoint papules on blotchy erythematous base is normal in 1st week, can be very widespread

Question 4

What is Acne neonatorum?

Answer 4

Usually only on face, closed comedones on

forehead/nose/cheeks, resolve spontaneously in few months

Question 5

What is Transient neonatal pustular melanosis?

Answer 5

more common in Black, resolve spontaneously

Question 6

What is Milia?

Answer 6

up to 50% of newborns, 1-2mm pearly white papules, resolve spontaneously

Question 7

What is Miliaria crystallina?

Answer 7

1-2mm vesicles without surrounding erythema that rupture, self-resolve

Question 8

What is Miliaria Rubra?

Answer 8

small erythematous papules and vesicles, self-resolve, prevent over heating

Question 9

What is Harlequin colour change?

Answer 9

when newborn lies on side, erythema on dependent side and

blanching on other side, self-resolves

Question 10

What are salmon patches?

Answer 10

capillary haemangioma over forehead and eyelids (pale pink and become
more obvious during crying) – benign and will usually disappear over first couple of years

Question 11

What is a stork mark (neva simplex)?

Answer 11

on neck: capillary haemangioma, flat salmon coloured lesions,
benign but unlikely to disappear, can also be over eyelids or back of neck, very common in
babies, most resolve by 18 months

Question 12

What is strawberry naevi (haemangioma)?

Answer 12

will often rapidly increase in size in first few months
then slowly spontaneously resolve leaving almost no mark. Concern around eye as may
impair vision, can use pulsed dye laser to shrink or new treatment (propranolol)

Ulceration, haemorrhage or thrombocytopenia may occur

Question 13

What is port wine stain (naevus flammeus)?

Answer 13

non blanching and will not fade with time, can be
associated with Sturge-Webber syndrome and other asymmetric growth syndrome, no
treatment needed but may use pulsed dye laser therapy for cosmesis, if ophthalmic trigeminal
distribution more likely to be associated with S-W syndrome or ipsilateral glaucoma

Occurs due to vascular malformation of the capillaries in the dermis

Question 14

What is congenital melanocytic naevi?

Answer 14

most are flat, colours range from brown to black, risk of

melanoma transformation