Skin cancer

Question 1

Basal cell carcinoma describes a…

Answer 1

Slow growing, malignant growth of epidermal keratinocytes

Question 2

Basal cells are located in the _______

Answer 2

Stratum basale

Question 3

Describe the invasion/ metastasis of BCC

Answer 3

Typically undergoes local invasion, rarely metastatic

Question 4

Risk factor for BCC

Answer 4

UV exposure

Type 1 skin

History of sunburns in childhood

Immunosuppression

Family history

Question 5

Types of BCCs

Answer 5

Nodular

Superficial

Morphoeic/ sclerosing

Question 6

The most common type of BCC is…

Answer 6

Nodular

Question 7

Nodular BCC presents as…

Answer 7

Skin, skin coloured papule

Pearly/ shiny surface

Rolled edge

Surface telangiectasia

Ulcerated center

Question 8

Nodule BCC most commonly affects what areas?

Answer 8

Head and neck

Question 9

Superficial BCC presents as…

Answer 9

Scaly/ irregular plaque

Thin, translucent border

Question 10

Superficial BCC most commonly affects what areas?

Answer 10

Upper trunk + shoulder

Question 11

What kind of BCC can infiltrate cutaneous nerves?

Answer 11

Sclerosing BCC

Question 12

Management of small, low risk superficial BCC

Answer 12

Topical imiquimod cream

Question 13

Management of large/ high risk BCC

Answer 13

Wide surgical excision

Question 14

Risks of surgical excision of skin cancer

Answer 14

Infection

Bleeding

Pain

Nerve damage/ numbness

Question 15

Mohs micrographic surgery is indicated for…

Answer 15

High risk tumours (near eyes, lips, nose)

Rucurrent skin tumours

Question 16

Mohs micrographic surgery decribes…

Answer 16

Progressive excision of lesion and tissue borders

Question 17

What management is used to treat skin cancer when surgery is inappropriate

Answer 17

Radiotherapy

Question 18

Curettage + cautery can be used to manage _____ BCC

Answer 18

Superficial

Question 19

Cryotherapy can be used to manage ______ BCC

Answer 19

Small, superificial

Question 20

Bowen’s disease describes _______

Answer 20

Squamous cell carcinoma in situ (pre-malignant)

Question 21

Risk factors for SCC

Answer 21

Excess UV exposure

Skin injury/ Chronic inflammation

Premalignant conditions

Elderly, male

HPV

Family history

Question 22

What premalignant conditions increase the risk of SCC [3]

Answer 22

Actinic keratoses

Intraepidermal carcinoma

Bowen’s disease

Question 23

Cutaneous horn is associated with which skin cancer?

Answer 23

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 24

________ is a rapidly growing skin cancer that can resemble a SCC

Answer 24

Keratoacanthoma

Question 25

Bowen’s disease presents as a…

Answer 25

Red, scaly patch

Question 26

SCC typically presents as a…

Answer 26

Keratotic, ill-defined nodule

Question 27

Bowen’s disease can be managed with

Answer 27

Imiqumoid

Curettage

Question 28

Imiquimoid is the brand name for…

Answer 28

5-flurouracil

Question 29

What type of melanoma has no relation to UV exposure

Answer 29

Lentiginous melanoma

Question 30

What staging is used for skin cancers

Answer 30

Breslow depth

Question 31

Stage _____ is considered high risk in Breslow staging

Answer 31

3+ (>1.50 mm)

Question 32

Features of melanoma

Answer 32

ABCDE:

• Asymmetrical shape
• Poorly defined borders
• Colour irregularity
• Diameter >6mm
• Evolving in shape/ size

Question 33

Melanomas most commonly present where?

Answer 33

Trunk in men

Legs in women

Question 34

First line investigation for melanoma is….

Answer 34

Narrow margin (2mm) excisional biopsy and histology

Question 35

First line management for melanoma is…

Answer 35

Wide local surgical excision

Question 36

Sentinel lymph node biopsy in melanoma is indicated for…

Answer 36

Stage 1B+ / >0.8mm Breslow

Question 37

Actinic keratosis can progress to..

Answer 37

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 38

First line management of actinic keratoses

Answer 38

Removal of lesion

• Cryotherapy
• Curettage
• Excision