Skin Basics

Question 1

Dysfxn of Skin: Barrier

Results in? (4)

Answer 1

Injury
Dehydration
Infection
Inflammation

Question 2

Dysfxn of Skin: Immune fxn

Results in? (4)

Answer 2

Infection
Cancer
Inflammation
Allergy

Question 3

Dysfxn of Skin: Temp Regulation

Results in?

Answer 3

Hyper/Hypothermia

Question 4

Dysfxn of Skin: Melanin Prdxn

Results in?

Answer 4

↓ protection from UV radiation

Question 5

Dysfxn of Skin: Sensory

Results in? (3)

Answer 5

Pruritis
Dysesthesia
Insensitivity

Question 6

Cutaneous Repair Phases? (4)

Answer 6

1) Coag
2) Inflammation
3) Proliferative (tissue formation)
4) Remodeling

Question 7

Epidermis primarily made of?

Answer 7

keratinocytes

Question 8

Dermis made of? (3)

Answer 8

Fibroblasts
Collagen
Elastin

Question 9

Epidermis layers? (4)

Answer 9

1) Stratum corneum
2) Stratum granulosum
3) Stratum spinosum
4) Stratum basale

Question 10

Stratum basal purpose?

Action?

Answer 10

Source of epidermal stem cells and keratinocytes

Cell division

Question 11

Stratum spinosum consists of?

Answer 11

Desmosomal jxns -> hold keratinocytes together

Question 12

Stratum granulosum purpose?

Filaggrin is?

Answer 12

Water barrier made of lipids from keratinocytes

Protein in granular layer -> keeps water in keratinocytes

Question 13

Filaggrin mutations cause what diseases? (2)

Answer 13

Atopic dermatitis

Asthma

Question 14

Stratum corneum made of?

Purpose?

Answer 14

Desquamating (flaking) keratinocytes -> keratinized non-nucleated cells

Trauma/Infection barrier

Question 15

Bullous Pemphigoid is?

Answer 15

Epidermal dysfxn:

Autoimmune destruction beneath basal layer of epidermis -> causes blisters on erythematous base

Question 16

Psoriasis is?

Answer 16

Epidermal dysfxn:

↑ turnover of epiderm -> thick scales

Question 17

Basal Cell CA presentation?

Answer 17

Pearly, erythematous papule w/ rolled borders and telangectasias

Question 18

Types of cells in epidermis? (3)

Answer 18

1) Keratinocytes
2) Melanocytes
3) Langerhans cells

Question 19

Melanocytes?

Answer 19

In basal layer of epiderm

Transfer melanin to keratinocytes

Question 20

Langerhans Cells?

Answer 20

Dendritic cells in mid-epiderm

Immune response

Question 21

Dermis purpose?

Contains? (7)

Answer 21

Flexible/tough support structure

Fibroblasts
Mast cells
Blood
Lymph vessels
Nerves
Sweat glands
Hair follicles

Question 22

Fibroblast purpose in dermis?

Answer 22

Synth and degradation of CT (wound healing/scarring)

Question 23

Mast cell purpose in dermis?

Answer 23

Mediated hypersensitivity rxn (urticaria, wheals)

Question 24

Subcutis made of?

Purpose? (3)

Answer 24

Fat

Insulation
Energy supply
Protection

Question 25

Panniculitis is?

Answer 25

Inflamm of SQ | e.g. Erythema Nodosum

Question 26

Adnexal structures in skin?

Answer 26

Pilosebaceous unit | Eccrine gland

Question 27

Pilosebaceous unit contains? (4)

Answer 27

Hair follicle Sebaceous glands Apocrine sweat gland (pits and anogenital only) Arrector pili muscle

Question 28

Acne Vulgaris caused by?

Answer 28

Pilosebaceous unit dysfxn: 1) Plugged hair follicle by abnormal keratinization 2) P. acnes in follicle 3) Androgens 4) ↑ sebaceous gland activity

Question 29

Eccrine Glands? (3)

Answer 29

Don't involve hair follicle Present in all skin Regulate temp