Skin & appendages Flashcards
epidermis
outer layer of skin
epithelial layer
layer of inside and outside tissue of skin
stratum basale
Sits right above the dermis
Where we first generate keratinocytes–> cytokeratin
Helps give our skin our tough outer layer
Where we have rapid cell division
Where we get our skin color
Melanocytes
stratum spinosum
Spiny layer
Have shriveled/spiny cells
-have lost water
More keratinocytes
Desmosome cells
-connection between the keratinocytes
Langerhans Cells
-Part of the immune system
stratum granulosum
a layer of the epidermis that marks the transition between the deeper, metabolically active strata and the dead cells of the more superficial strata
Keratohyalin Granules
Releases lamellar bodies
stratum lucidum
Clear layer of the epidermis
Keratinocytes are dead at this level
stratum corneum
outermost layer of epidermis
Cells are dead and slough off
melanocytes
cells that produce melonin
merkel cells
function as touch receptors in association with sensory nerve endings
langerhans cells
epidermal macrophages that help activate the immune system
keratinocytes
The most abundant epidermal cells, they function mainly to produce keratin
Eumelanin
Produces brown to black pigments in the hair
Pheomelanin
Produces yellow to red pigments in the hair
Dermis
middle layer of skin under the epidermis
papillary layer
outer layer of the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis
Nourishes the epidermis
Loose connective tissue
Allows us too perceive touch
reticular layer
Deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients
Has dense irregular connective tissue
Sweat glands / hair follicles
sebaceous glands
secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis
eccrine sweat glands
respond primarily to elevated body temperature
Palms, feet, forehead
apocrine sweat glands
produce true sweat plus fatty substances and proteins; found in the axillary (armpit) and anogenital areas of the body
hypodermis
the layer of skin beneath the dermis, which serves as a storage repository for fat
Absorbs fat
Insulates our tissue
Muscle/bone sits right below it
Desmosome Cells
connection between the keratinocytes
Holds the cells together
Keratohyalin Granules
cross-linking of keratin filaments which creates the tight barrier that is the epidermis, providing the body with an impermeable layer that protects from invasion by foreign particles.
Lamellar Bodies
In stratum Granulosum
secreted from keratinocytes, resulting in the formation of an impermeable, lipid-containing membrane that serves as a water barrier and is required for correct skin barrier function
