Skin and Nails Flashcards
Seven S
Size Shape Shade Surface Surrounding skin and border Spatial relationships Symptoms
Melanoma screening
Asymmetry
Border - blurry and/or jagged edges
Color- mole that has more than one color
Diameter- Most with the diameter larger than the pencil eraser (6mm or 1/4 inch)
Evolution - A mole that has gone through sudden changes in size, shape or color
Macule
Flat,pigmented, circumscribed area less than 1cm in diameter
Examples: freckles, flat mole or rash that occurs in rubella
Papule
SOLID elevated lesion <1cm in diameter that maybe the same color as the skin or pigmented
Examples: Nevis, wart, pimple, ringworm, psoriasis, eczema
Nodule
Palpable circumscribed lesion larger and deeper than a papule 0.6 to 2 cm in diameter ; extends into dermal area
Examples: Intradermal Nevus, benign or malignant tumor
Tumor
Solid elevated lesion larger than 2cm in diameter that extends into dermal and subcutaneous layers
Examples: lipoma, steatoma, dermatofibroma, hemangioma
Wheal
Elevated firm rounded lesion with localized skin edema (swelling) that varies in size, shape and color; Paler in the center than its surrounding edges; accompanied by itching
Examples: hives, insect bites, urticaria
Vesicles
Elevated circumscribed Fluid filled lesion Less than 0.5 CM in diameter
Examples: Poison ivy, shingles, chickenpox
Pustules
Small raised circumscribed lesion that contains pus; Usually less than 1CM in diameter
Examples: acne, furuncle, pustular psoriasis, scabies
Bulla
A vertical or blister larger than 1cm in diameter.
Example second-degree burns, severe poison oak, poison ivy
Crust
Dry serum, blood or pus on the surface of the skin
Examples: impetigo, acute eczematous inflammation
Atrophy
Thinning of the skin surface and loss of the markings
Examples: striae, aged skin
Erosion
Loss of epidermis
Example: ruptured chickenpox vesicles
Ulcer
Depressed lesion of the epidermis and upper
ABCD-EFG mnemonic for malignant skin
Asymmetry Border irregularities Color variations Diameter >6 mm Evolution Elevated Firm Growing
Seborrheic keratosis
Entirely benign lesions that do not carry risk of cancer
USPSTF recommendation for skin cancer screening
USPSTF recommends against Rountine screening
Atopic dermatitis
often accompanied by rash on the inside of the elbows and knees in childhood.
Tinea capititis
Hair breaks along the shaft suggest damage from hair care or tinea capitis.
telogen affluvium and alopecia areata
Hair shredding at the roots
The most common skin cancer is
The most common skin cancer is basal cell carcinoma (BCC), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma.
