SKIN

Question 1

what is Keratoacanthoma

Answer 1

• Premalignant. Rapidly growing keratotic papules on sun-exposed skin that develops over a span of 3-6 weeks into centrally umbilicated nodules.
• Cheeks, nose, and ears and the dorsum of the hands. Spontaneous regression usually ensues within 6-12 months, leaving an atrophic scar.
• cup-shaped, with a central, keratin-filled umbilication with overhanging edges

Question 2

what is Actinic Keratosis

Answer 2

Scaly erythematous patches (dry scale attached to erythematous base) and plaques that occur on the face (MC), the dorsum of the hands, and the forearms of individuals in or past middle age. hyperkeratosis, and papillomatosis.

Question 3

Tx for Actinic Keratosis

Answer 3

Wide excision, can progress to squamous cell carcinom

Question 4

Histology of Actinic Keratosis

Answer 4

Epidermal cells are dysplastic, are arranged in a disorderly fashion, and have hyperchromatic nuclei. Mitosis are found. Lots of chronic inflammation.

Question 5

What is Seborrheic Keratosis

Answer 5

• Lesions NOT malignant.
• arises on the trunk, face, and arms of elderly people.
• brownish, slightly raised, circumscribed, and verrucous “stuck-on” lesions

Question 6

Tx for Seborrheic Keratosis

Answer 6

surgical resection sufficient

Question 7

Histology of Seborrheic Keratosis

Answer 7

hyperkeratosis, and papillomatosis. Interspersed among the epithelial cells are cysts of keratin

Question 8

What is a basal cell carcinoma

Answer 8

most common malignant tumor in persons with pale skin. Can erode through bone must be removed.

Question 9

What does basal cell carcinoma look like

Answer 9

pearly papule or nodule, an ulcerative crater, or an irregular firm flat plaque-like tumor.

Question 10

BCC histology

Answer 10

• prominent epithelial nests of basophilic cells attached to the epidermis
• protrude into the subjacent papillary dermis.
• nuclei are deeply basophilic surrounded by a small rim of cytoplasm.

Question 11

What is SCC

Answer 11

cancer of the epidermis whose cells typically resemble keratinocytes.

Question 12

CP of SCC

Answer 12

backs of the hands or the face, lips and ears (tend to be more aggressive).

• Early lesions are small, scaly or ulcerated red papules, which may be pruritic (itchy).
• Tumor cells that mimic the epidermal. stratum spinosum and extend into the subjacent dermis. The epidermis is thickened (hyperkeratotic)and parakeratotic

Question 13

SCC tx

Answer 13

Wide excision and radiation therapy.

Question 14

Define Hutchinson’s freckle

Answer 14

• Older people or in sun-damaged skin and presents as a pigmented patch.
• Develops almost exclusively in fair, elderly whites and grows as a flat, irregular brown to black patch which may cover a large part of the face or back of the hand.

Question 15

Describe the skin lesion seen in sarcoidosis

Answer 15

• discrete subcutaneous nodules to erythematous plaques, similar to Lupus.
• may also appear on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, larynx, and URT. Non-caseating granulomas

Question 16

What is Kaposi’s Sarcoma a sarcoma (tumor) of?

Answer 16

• malignant disease involving endothelial cells-

- high prevalence among male homosexuals with AIDS and HIV

Question 17

What is a Intradermal nevus

Answer 17

the upper dermis shows nests and cords of nevus cells, with varying amounts of melanin. In the lower dermis the nevus cells are embedded in collagenous tis

Question 18

What is a Junctional nevus

Answer 18

The nevus cells, which contain melanin, are arranged in nests in the lower epidermis and sometimes the lower dermis, but minimal

Question 19

What is a compound nevus

Answer 19

This lesion possesses features of both junctional and intraepidermal nevi, being present in both the dermis and epidermis, but usually predominates in the dermis.

Question 20

What is radial growth

Answer 20

most common where the melanocytes grow in all directions, upward and peripherally in the epidermis, and downward from the epidermis into the dermis.

Question 21

Which melanoma has vertical growth from the start

Answer 21

Nodular Melanoma

Question 22

What is vertical growth

Answer 22

• Tumors that extend into the lower half of the reticular dermis
• The melanocytes exhibit mitotic activity and grow as spheroidal nodules that vertically expand rapidly

Question 23

Which melanoma is the best to have

Answer 23

Superficial spreading melanoma

Question 24

Which melanoma is the worst to have

Answer 24

Nodular Melanoma

Question 25

Which melanoma has Hutchinson’s freckles

Answer 25

Lentigo Maligna Melanoma

Question 26

Which melanoma effects dark skin ppl

Answer 26

Acral Lentiginous Melanoma

Question 27

are solid elevated skin lesions less than 1 cm in diameter. They may arise from the epidermis, dermis or both. (lesions of seborrheic keratosis).

Answer 27

Papules

Question 28

palpable, solid, round lesions in the deep skin or subcutaneous tissues. They are larger and deeper than papules (Rheumatoid nodules).

Answer 28

Nodules

Question 29

elevated lesions that contain fluid. When they are larger than 0.5 cm, they are called Bullae or Blisters (the blisters of a second degree burn). Herpes fam.

Answer 29

Vesicles

Question 30

Circumscribed flat areas of skin distinguishable by color (freckles).

Answer 30

Macules: