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Skin and eyes > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Slow-growing papule

Pearly rolled borders

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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2
Q

Rapid growing, volcano-like nodule with central keratotic plug

A

Keratoacanthoma

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3
Q

Flushing, erythema, telangiectasias, papules/pustules, tissue hyperplasia

Tx?

A

Rosacea (chronic inflammatory disorder)

Tx with metronidazole! Weird

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4
Q

Brown plaques or nodules with greasy surface and “stuck-on” appearance

A

Seborrheic keratoses

Can look like melanoma!

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5
Q

Skin-colored papules with indented centers (anywhere except palms and soles)

A

Mollscum contagiosum (poxvirus)

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6
Q

Papules that become confluent -> vesicles, bullae, crusting

+Neuritic symptoms (pain, itch, burn, allodynia) that could PRECEDE appearance of rash

A

Herpes zoster

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7
Q

Painful nodules and abscesses in intertriginous areas (axilla)

A

Hidradenitis suppurativa

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8
Q

Painless blisters, bullae, scarring, hypopigmentation/hyperpigmentation on sun-exposed skin (back of hands, forearms, face). Scarring and calcification like scleroderma.

In patients with HepC
Dx?

A

Porphyria cutanea tarda

Dx: Elevated plasma or urine porphyrin levels

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9
Q

Tx of acne

A

Inflammatory acne: topical retinoids and benzoyl peroxide
If moderate: topical antibiotics

If severe or recalcitrant: oral antibiotics and isoretinoin

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10
Q

Where do arterial ulcers happen?

A

Most distal parts of body (tips of toes)

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11
Q

Hypo or hyperpigmented or mildly red lesions
Often noticed after sun exposure due to tanning of surrounding skin

KOH prep: hyphae and yeast cells in “spaghetti and meatballs” pattern

A 
Tinea vesicolor (pityriasis vesicolor) 
Fungal infection by Malassezia species

Tx with topical ketoconazole or selenium sulfide

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12
Q

Flat uniformly hyperpigmented skin lesions
Raised, tan colored hamartomas of iris
Clustered freckles in axilla or inguinal

-> Risks for what?

A

NF1
(=Cafe au lait spots
=Lisch nodules)

-> Neurofibromas = peripheral nerve sheath tumors

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13
Q

Whitish-grey spots on periphery of iris

A

Down syndrome (Brushfield spots)

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14
Q

Hypopigmented macules
Leathery patch on back of neck?

Risks for what?

A

=ash leaf spots
=Shagreen patches
Tuberous sclerosis

-> Risk for renal angiomyolipoma, seizures/dev delay, CNS hamartoma, cardiac rhabdomyoma

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15
Q

Port-wine stain

A

Sturge-Weber (facial angioma)
Leptomeningeal angiomas -> seizures, dev delay
Glaucoma

(W for Weber and Wine)

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16
Q

Sturge Weber vs. tuberous sclerosis?

A

Both give seizures, developmental delay

Sturge Weber: port wine stain (Weber=Wine). Mostly stuff in head (brain angiomas)
Tuberous sclerosis: ash leaf spots (also -omas elsewhere)

17
Q

What is the diff between erysipelas and cellulitis? (Bugs, symptomology)

A

Erysipelas: infection of superficial dermis and lymphatics. Raised, sharply demarcated edges. Rapid onset and early fever. Strep pyogenes

Cellulitis: Infection of deep dermis and subQ fat. Flat edges with poor demarcation. Indolent with later fever. S pyogenes, MSSA, MRSA

18
Q

Tense bullae on erythematous base
IF shows linear IgG and C3 deposits along basement membrane

Treatment?

A

Bullous pemphigoid
(IgG ab against hemidesmosome and basement membrane)

Tx: high potency topical glucocorticoid (clobetasol)

19
Q

Grouped pruritic vesicles on butt and extensor surfaces

Bx: IgA deposits

A

Dermatitis hepetiformis (autoimmune rxn to gluten)

Tx: dapsone, and eliminate gluten from diet

20
Q

Vesicular rash with “punched out” erosions and hemorrhagic crusting over eczema area

Organism?

A

Eczema herpeticum (HSV1)

21
Q

Firm, hyperpigmented nodule. Fibrous component that causes dimpling in center when area is pinched (“dimple” or “buttonhole” sign)

A

Dermatofibroma

22
Q

Dome-shaped, firm, freely movable cyst or nodule with small central punctum. Can be stable or gradually increase in size and can resolve spontaneously. may produce cheesing white discharge

A

Epidermal inclusion cyst

23
Q

positive nikolsky sign

A

SSSS
pemphigus
SJS/TEN

24
Q

purple flat-topped papules/plaques
puriritic, planar, or polygonal
flexural surfaces

A

lichen planus

25
Q

hyperkeratotic papules on sole of foot, can be painful when walking
esp in immunocompromised

A

warts (HPV)

26
Q

Treatment for dermatitis hepetifkrmis

A

Dapsone

Gluten free

27
Q

Giant cells on Tzank smear

A

HSV

28
Q

Things to check on isoretininion

A

Pregnancy
LFTs

Cholesterol, triglycerides

29
Q

Tx of pityriasis rosea

A

Caused by HHV virus

Rash heals in 6-8 weeks with no treatment

30
Q

Lower lip… SCC or BCC

A

Squamous

31
Q

Melanoma types

A

Superficial spread: most common, legs in women, trunk in men
Nodular: grows vertically, reddish brown nodules, ulcerated
Acral lentiginous: palms, soles, nail beds of Asians and blacks
Lentigo maligna: sun damaged areas of face
Amelanontic: not dark

32
Q

Leonine facies

A

Mycosis fungoides= T cell Lymphoma
If systemic = sezary syndrome

Tx with phototherapy

Skin and eyes (2 decks)

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