Skin Flashcards
outermost layer of skin
epidermis
deep layer of skin made of dense connective tissue, containing capillaries, glands, nerve fibers, hair follicles
dermis
one of the most rapidly dividing cells in the body, hold hair root
hair follicle
glands that open directly to skin surface, regulate body temperaturew
eccrine glands
found in axilla, nipples, anogenital area, eyelids and external ears, associated with hair follicles
apocrine sweat glands
surround and lubricate hair follicles
sebaceous glands
layer of fatty CT; thermal regulator, protects bony prominences
subcutaneous tissue
epidermal cells converted to hard plates of keratin
nails
skin tension lines created by collagen
Langer’s lines
ABCDE on melanoma
Asymmetry Border irregularity Color variation Diameter > 6mm Evolving
benign lesions on sun exposed areas
seborrheic keratosis
nonblanchable skin markings
purpura, petechiae, eccymosis
flat, circumscribed area
macule
elevated, firm, circumscribed
papule
flat, nonpalpable, irregularly shaped macule >1cm
patch
elevated, firm, rough lesion with flat top surface >1 cm
plaque
elevated, irregular shaped cutaneous edema, solid, transient diameter
wheal
fine, irregular, red lines; permanently dilated small blood vessels, venules, capillaries, and arterioles
telangiectasia
elevated, firm circumscribed lesion extends deeper into dermis than a papule; 1-2 cm
nodule
elevated solid lesion, deep in dermis, >2 cm
tumor
elevated circumscribed, superficial, filled with serous fluid,
vesicle
vesicle >1 cm
bulla
elevated superficial lesion filled with purulent fluid
pustule
elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated lesion in either dermis or epidermis; filled with liquid or semisolid material
cyst
keratinized cells, flaky skin, irregular, thick or thin; dry or oily; varies in size
scale
rough, thickened epidermis secondary to persistent rubbing, itching, or irritation
lichenification
irregularly shaped, elevated, progressively enlarging scar due to collagen formation
keloid
loss of epidermis from scratching; linear, hollowed out, crusted
excoriation
linear crack from epidermis to dermis; may be moist or dry
fissure
loss of part of epidermis; depressed, moist, glistening, can follow rupture of bulla or vesicle
erosion
loss of epidermis and dermis; concave and varies in size, can follow rupture of bulla or vesicle
ulcer
dried fluid on skin, can be blood, serum, purulent exudate
crust
ringed
annular
bow-shaped
arciform
everywhere
diffuse
collection of blackhead, whiteheads, papules, pustules, cysts, and nodules
acne
most common inflammatory skin disorder
eczematous dermatitis
staph aureus infection originating in hair follicle
furuncle (boil)
cluster of furuncles in subcutaneous tissue
carbuncle
acute infection of skin and subQ tissue
cellulitis
3 forms of eczematous dermatitis
irritant contact dermatitis
allergic contact dermatitis
atopic dermatitis
5 types in tinea infections
tinea corporis tinea cruris tinea capitis tinea pedis tinea unguium
noncommunicable tinea infection
tinea versicolor
inflammatory condition that starts with herald patch and has xmas tree distribution with salmon colored plaques
pityriasis rosea
increased epithelial cell turnover with abnormal keratin expression; inflammatory condition
psoriasis
herpes simplex type 1
oral
herpes simplex type 2
genital
infection following dermatomal pattern. presents with pain, itching, burning and eruption
herpes zoster
lyme disease rash
erythema migrans
immunologic reaction to viruses, bacteria, drugs and radiation with target lesions
erythema multiforme
condition that affects mucous membranes; sloughing of skin
steven-johnson’s syndrome
drug eruption
cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction
nonspecific cutaneous reaction found in obesity and certain malignancies and endocrine syndromes
acanthosis nigricans
premalignant lesion in sun exposed areas
actinic keratosis
neoplastic abnormality: persistent sore that wont heal; shiny nodule
basal cell carcinoma
burn of superficial epidermal layer with erythema
first degree
full thickness burn with charring
third degree
burn of epidermis and superficial dermis with blisters
second degree
sudden, rapid, patchy hair loss from scalp or face
alopecia areata
scarring of hair follicles from skin or systemic disease
scarring alopecia
hair loss from prolonged, tightly pulled hairstyles
traction alopecia
hair growth in females with male distribution
hirsutism
itchy scalp with nits
pediculus humanus capitis
infection of hair follicles as a result of tinea capitis infection
kerion
infection between mail fold and nail plate
paronychia
nail punctures lateral nail fold and grows into dermis
ingrown nail
fungal infection of nail
onychomycosis
trauma to nail plate causing bleeding and pain
subungal hematoma
loosening of nail plate from nail bed at distal groove
oncyolysis
